Resistência de Cyperus difformis a herbicidas inibidores da ALS em lavoura de arroz irrigado em Santa Catarina

Rice monoculture in lowlands can cause problems for management practices in crop fields, for example, in weed control. For this reason, corn in rotation with irrigated rice in lowlands may be advantageous, despite problems with soil compaction and water excess. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil physical properties and corn performance in soil management systems in an Albaqualf soil (lowlands). Two experiments were conducted in the field, in the 2013/14 and 2014/15 crop seasons. The experimental design was randomized blocks with two factors. There were three levels for the first factor, consisting of soil management practices: soil chiseling 45 days before sowing to a depth of 0.3 m; conventional tillage with two diskings to a depth of 0.1 m and subsequent leveling of the soil; and no-till. The second factor was composed of two levels: sowing on raised seedbeds, and without raised seedbeds. The soil parameters of bulk density, total porosity, macroporosity, microporosity, volumetric moisture, and soil resistance to mechanical penetration (RP) were evaluated. The corn parameters were plant height, shoot dry matter, leaf area, height of the first ear of corn, grains per ear, and grain yield. Soil chiseling resulted in lower RP and higher macroporosity in the 0.1-0.2 and 0.2-0.3 m layers. In raised seedbeds, the 0.00-0.05, 0.05-0.10, and 0.10-0.20 m layers were lower in RP and bulk density. Moreover, higher soil macroporosity was observed in relation to the treatment without raised seedbeds. In general, the highest grain yields were found in the treatments with lower RP and higher macroporosity in the root system region. Increased porosity accelerated water drainage in the soil, reducing the time that soil airspace was filled with water, which is a limiting factor for root development. In Albaqualf soils, planting corn in chiseled soil provides higher corn yields compared to conventional tillage, and planting corn on raised seedbeds provides higher corn yields compared to the lack of raised seedbeds.

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“…and sedges (Cyperus spp.) (Galon et al, 2008;Roso et al, 2010;Matzenbacher et al, 2013;Schaedler et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Properties and Crop Management for Corn in an Albaqualf

Giacomeli

Marchesan

Oliveira

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…However, there are reports of an effective control of the species C. difformis at the doses of 600 and 900 g a.i. ha -1 (GALON et al, 2008;AGOSTINETTO et al, 2011) and of the species A. hispidum, Bidens pilosa, and Galinsoga parviflora at the dose of 840 g a.i. ha -1 (FONTES et al, 2001).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SELECTIVITY OF BENTAZON AND NICOSULFURON IN Crotalaria spectabilis INTERCROPPED WITH MAIZE CULTURE

et al. 2019

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Corn intercropped with showy crotalaria allows better use of the agricultural year, having in the same period, economic return from grain yield and the benefits of the legume. The objective was to study the selectivity of the herbicides bentazon and nicosulfuron to C. spectabilis, the weed control and the corn development intercropping system. Two experiments were conducted in the field, one in late-season and the other one in regular growing season. The experimental design was the randomized block, with fourteen treatments and four replicates. Eight treatments with herbicides were studied: bentazon (720 e 960 g a.i. ha -1 ), nicosulfuron (16 e 48 g a.i. ha -1 ) and bentazon + nicosulfuron (720 + 16; 720 + 48; 960 + 16; 960 + 48 g a.i. ha -1 ). Moreover, six controls were maintained: sole corn and sole showy crotalaria (with and without weeds), corn and sunn hemp intercropped (with and without weeds). The herbicide bentazon isolated, in both dosages tested, was selective to C. spectabilis. Nicosulfuron in 48 g a.i. ha -1 , isolated or in mixture with bentazon, promoved the best weed control. Corn affected the recoverability of showy crotalaria plants treated with herbicides. In intercrop of corn and C. spectabilis, both late and regular season had good results in corn yield, legume mass accumulation without the necessity of herbicides pulverization. SELETIVIDADE DE BENTAZON E NICOSULFURON PARACrotalaria spectabilis EM CONSÓRCIO COM A CULTURA DO MILHO RESUMO -O consórcio de milho com crotalária possibilita o melhor aproveitamento do ano agrícola, tendo no mesmo período o retorno econômico com a produção de grãos e os benefícios da leguminosa. Objetivou-se com esse trabalho, estudar a seletividade dos herbicidas bentazon e nicosulfuron para Crotalaria spectabilis, o controle de plantas daninhas e o desenvolvimento do milho no sistema de consórcio. Dois experimentos foram desenvolvidos em campo, um no período de safrinha e outro no período de safra. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com 14 tratamentos e quatro repetições. Foram estudados oito tratamentos com herbicidas: bentazon (720 e 960 g i.a. ha -1 ), nicosulfuron (16 e 48 g i.a. ha -1 ) e bentazon + nicosulfuron (720 + 16; 720 + 48; 960 + 16; 960 + 48 g i.a. ha -1 ). Além disso, foram mantidas seis testemunhas: milho e crotalária solteiros (com e sem plantas daninhas), milho e crotalária em consórcio (com e sem plantas daninhas). O herbicida bentazon isolado, nas duas dosagens testadas, foi seletivo para C. spectabilis. Nicosulfuron a 48 g i.a. ha -1 , isolado ou em mistura com bentazon, promoveu o melhor controle das plantas daninhas. O milho afetou a capacidade de recuperação das plantas de crotalária tratadas com herbicidas. No consórcio de milho com C. spectabilis, tanto na safrinha como na safra, houve bons resultados de produtividade do milho e acúmulo de massa pela leguminosa sem a necessidade de aplicação de herbicidas. Palavras-chave: Adubo verde. Crotalária. Fitointoxicação. Interferência. Semeadura simultânea.

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“…Os herbicidas inibidores da ALS são eficientes no controle das espécies C. difformis, C. esculentus, C. ferax e C. iria (Andres & Machado, 2004), exceto quando essas espécies adquirirem resistência a esse mecanismo de ação, como constatado por Galon et al (2008) para C. difformis. A eficiência do herbicida penoxsulam foi comprovada no controle de Cyperus spp., demonstrando controle próximo a 97% mesmo com o uso da metade da dose recomendada (Concenço et al, 2006).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…A eficiência do controle químico depende indiretamente da variabilidade genética da espécie, uma vez que o comportamento de cada biótipo poderá ser expresso de forma distinta da do tratamento herbicida (Martins et al, 2007), onde esta ampla variabilidade genética, ao longo dos anos, poderá selecionar plantas resistentes a esse tipo de controle (Vargas et al, 1999;Rizzardi et al, 2002;Chistofolleti et al, 2001;Vargas et al, 2007;Concenço et al, 2008;Ferreira et al, 2008;Galon et al, 2008). O herbicida penoxsulam caracteriza-se por ser seletivo ao arroz irrigado, controlar diversas espécies de plantas daninhas e apresentar poder residual no solo, o que para a lavoura arrozeira é importate, pois evita a emergência de novo fluxo de plantas daninhas anteriormente ao estabelecimento da irrigação por inundação.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Diversidade e sensibilidade de Cyperus ferax ao herbicida Penoxsulam

Panozzo

Agostinetto

Vignolo³

et al. 2011

Planta daninha

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421Diversidade e sensibilidade de Cyperus ferax ao herbicida penoxsulam 1 Recebido para publicação em 27.4.2010 e na forma revisada em 6.5.2011. -1 ), comparativamente à testemunha sem aplicação. Existe diferença entre acessos de C. ferax quanto à sensibilidade ao herbicida penoxsulam. Os biótipos de C. ferax oriundos de lavouras de arroz irrigado da Depressão Central apresentam, em geral, maior acúmulo de massa seca da parte aérea e área foliar. Os biótipos C. ferax ocorrentes em lavouras de arroz do Rio Grande do Sul podem ser divididos em dois grupos, segundo características morfológicas.Palavras-chave: controle químico, Cyperaceae, Oryza sativa, planta daninha.ABSTRACT -The species of the genus Cyperus, Cyperaceae family, are the major weeds in the rice producing regions of the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). The objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity of Cyperus ferax in these regions and the sensitivity levels of this species to the herbicide penoxsulam. Thus, an experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions in the Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four replications. Each experimental unit (plot) was composed of vases with a capacity of 0.55 dm 3 of soil, with seven plants. Treatments were arranged in a factorial design.Factor A evaluated the places of collection (origin) of the seeds of C. ferax, a weed in RS irrigated rice fields; and factor B evaluated susceptibility to the herbicide penoxsulam (125 g ha -1 ), compared to a control without application. Differences were verified between the accessions of C. ferax regarding sensitivity to the herbicide penoxsulam. The biotypes from the irrigated rice fields at Depressão Central show, in general, higher shoot dry mass accumulation and leaf area. The C. ferax biotypes at the RS rice fields can be divided into two groups, according to their morphological characteristics.

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Resistência de Cyperus difformis a herbicidas inibidores da ALS em lavoura de arroz irrigado em Santa Catarina

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Physical Properties and Crop Management for Corn in an Albaqualf

Physical Properties and Crop Management for Corn in an Albaqualf

SELECTIVITY OF BENTAZON AND NICOSULFURON IN Crotalaria spectabilis INTERCROPPED WITH MAIZE CULTURE

Diversidade e sensibilidade de Cyperus ferax ao herbicida Penoxsulam

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