Estudo longitudinal da infecção por enteropatógenos em bezerros neonatos, com diarreia, sob diferentes estratégias de aleitamento

Carvalho, Júlia G.; Carvalho, A.Ú.; Heinemann, Marcos Bryan; Coelho, Sandra Gesteira; Paes, Paulo Ricardo de Oliveira; Moreira, Geane; Vespasiano, Letícia Camêlo; Filho, Elias Jorge Facury

doi:10.1590/s0100-736x2014000600006

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…was found, similarly to the results observed in our study (21). In a work developed by Carvalho et al (22), infection by Cryptosporidium spp. was observed in all evaluated moments.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…El análisis estadístico reveló que la infección por Eimeria ocurre con mayor facilidad en pisos de concreto, según la edad del animal. Según la literatura, la vivienda individual puede reducir el riesgo de coccidiosis, y por el contrario el riesgo de infección aumenta con el tamaño del rebaño, además, los terneros que se vieron más afectados tenían entre 3 y 13 meses de edad (19 (22) reinforce this possibility because in their study they showed that the association between pathogens occurs from the first day of the diarrhea onset. It is important to emphasize that in this study the percentage of calves with normal feces represented 74.49%; however, more than 50% were positives for at least one of the protozoa investigated.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Sin embargo, la diarrea puede ser desencadenada por la interacción entre varios factores como bacterias, virus, protozoos, deficiencias inmunológicas y características ambientales. Un estudio de Carvalho et al (22) refuerza esta posibilidad, ya que demostró que la asociación entre patógenos ocurre desde el primer día de inicio de la diarrea. Es importante destacar que en este estudio el porcentaje de terneros con heces normales representó el 74.49%; Sin embargo, más del 50% fueron positivos para al menos uno de los protozoarios bajo investigación.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Protozoos gastrointestinales en terneros lecheros: identificación de factores de riesgo para la infección

Volpato¹,

Tonin²,

Machado³

et al. 2017

Rev MVZ Córdoba

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Objective. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of gastrointestinal protozoa in dairy calves and to identify potential risk factors for this type of infection. Materials and methods. For this purpose, 243 fecal samples were collected from calves up to 60 days of age in 43 dairy farms located in the West region of Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Samples were examined by centrifugal-flotation technique. Results. As a result, Giardia was present in 26.75% (65/243) of all samples, Eimeria in 21.81% (53/243), and Cryptosporidium in 20.99% (51/243). Additionally, 46.50% (113/243) of the samples were negative for any protozoa, while 39.10% (95/243) and 14.40% (35/208) showed single and mixed infections, respectively. There was a higher association between Cryptosporidium and Giardia (6.99%) in cases of mixed infections. However, the triple protozoa association had the lowest prevalence in mixed infections (2.06%). Epidemiologically, a questionnaire was applied to determine risk factors for these parasitic infections. Based on the statistical model applied, some risk factors for Cryptosporidium infections were identified, highlighting feeding management, period of time that calves stayed with their mothers (cows), and contact with dogs; the risk of contracting Giardia increased according to the milk source, while the floor type bedding, and age were appointed as risks factors for Eimeria. Conclusions. Therefore, it is possible to confirm that Giardia, Cryptosporidium and Eimeria may infect dairy calves, and the knowledge of some risk factors associated to their infection in calves.Keywords: Cryptosporidium spp., dairy cattle, Eimeria spp, Giardia spp., parasitic diseases (Source: CAB, MeSH). RESUMENObjetivo. El objetivo evaluar la ocurrencia de protozoos gastrointestinales en terneros lecheros y de identificar posibles factores de riesgo para infección. Materiales y métodos. Se recogieron 243 muestras de heces de terneros de hasta 60 días de edad en 43 granjas lecheras ubicadas en la región del oeste del estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Las muestras fueron examinadas por la técnica de centrifugación-flotación. Resultados. Como resultado, Giardia estaba presente en 26.75% (65/243) de todas las muestras, Eimeria en 21.81% (53/243), y Cryptosporidium en 20.99% (51/243). DOI: doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.1027 5911 Además, 46.50% (113/243) de las muestras fueron negativas para cualquier protozoos, mientras que 39.10% (95/243) y 14.40% (35/208) mostraron infecciones simples y mixtas, respectivamente. Hubo una mayor asociación entre Cryptosporidium y Giardia (6.99%) en los casos de infecciones mixtas. Sin embargo, la asociación de triple protozoos tenía la menor prevalencia de infecciones mixtas (2.06%). Epidemiológicamente, se aplicó un cuestionario para determinar los factores de riesgo para estas infecciones parasitarias. Se han identificado algunos factores de riesgo de infecciones por Cryptosporidium, destacando manejo de la alimentación, periodo de tiempo que los terneros permanecieron con sus madres (vacas), y el...

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“…was found, similarly to the results observed in our study (21). In a work developed by Carvalho et al (22), infection by Cryptosporidium spp. was observed in all evaluated moments.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Protozoos gastrointestinales en terneros lecheros: identificación de factores de riesgo para la infección

Volpato¹,

Tonin²,

Machado³

et al. 2017

Rev MVZ Córdoba

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“…Diarrhea in calves has a multifactorial etiology, and the identification of agents was beyond the scope of the present study. Most likely, the beneficial action of the S-ST justifies, in part, this result by reducing, when no statistically significant (p>0.05), of level of infection by parasitic agents causing diarrhea in young cattle (CARVALHO et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic evaluation and efficacy of strategic-selective treatment of gastrointestinal parasites in dairy calves

Blanco

Barbieri

Lima

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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In the Experimental Farm of the Universidade Federal de Lavras (EF-UFLA), state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, on their day of birth, female Holstein calves were randomly selected and placed into two groups containing fifteen animals each: Strategic-Selective Treatment (S-ST) or Conventional Treatment (CT). In the S-ST, calves were treated after coproparasitological examinations according to criteria established previously by the researchers. Calves in the CT were treated according to the opinion of the veterinarian of EF-UFLA. For statistical analysis, the frequency (%) of fecal samples with count of eggs per gram of feces (EPG) ≥300, count of oocysts per gram of feces (OoPG) ≥500 and fecal samples with count of cysts of Giardia spp. ≥1 were conducted. The overall average frequency of fecal samples with EPG ≥300, OoPG ≥500 and Giardia spp. cysts ≥1, respectively, was similar (p >0.05) between S-ST (20.3%; 17.3%; and 31.5%) and CT (26.4%; 23.9%; and 37.3%). The effective operational cost, per animal, in 12 months, was of R$ 784.58 (US$ 241.41) and R$ 83.90 (US$ 25.81) in S-ST and CT, respectively. The S-ST requires adjustments to be used as a technically efficient and economically viable alternative for the control of gastrointestinal parasitosis in female Holstein calves.Keywords: Bovine, gastrointestinal nematodes, Eimeria, Giardia, costs. ResumoNa Fazenda Experimental da Universidade Federal de Lavras (FE-UFLA), Minas Gerais, Brasil, no dia do nascimento, bezerras da raça holandesa foram sorteadas de forma aleatória para compor um dos dois grupos, formados por 15 animais cada: Tratamento Estratégico-Seletivo (TE-S) ou Tratamento Convencional (TC). No TE-S, as bezerras foram tratadas após exames coproparasitológicos de acordo com critérios previamente estabelecidos pelos pesquisadores. No TC, as bezerras foram tratadas conforme orientação do veterinário da FE-UFLA. Em ambos grupos, as bezerras foram monitoradas a cada 14 dias, do nascimento até os 12 meses de idade, por meio de exames coproparasitológicos. Para análise estatística, considerou-se a frequência (%) de amostras fecais com contagem de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG) ≥300, contagem de oocistos por grama de fezes (OoPG) ≥500, e amostras fecais com contagem de cistos de Giardia spp. ≥1. A frequência média global de amostras fecais com contagem de OPG ≥300, OoPG ≥500 e cistos de Giardia spp. ≥1, respectivamente, foi similar (p >0,05) entre TE-S (20,3%; 17,3%; e 31,5%) e TC (26,4%; 23,9%; e 37,3%). O custo operacional efetivo, por animal, em 12 meses, foi R$ 784,58 (US$ 241.40) e R$ 83,90 (US$ 25.81) para TE-S e TC, respectivamente. O TE-S necessita de ajustes para que possa ser indicado como uma alternativa, tecnicamente eficiente e economicamente viável, no controle das parasitoses gastrointestinais em bezerras leiteiras.

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“…(from 16.4 to 43.7%) and Cryptosporidium spp. (100 and 75%) (Silverlås et al 2010, Carvalho et al 2014, Gomez et al 2017. The benefit of the therapeutic use of antimicrobials for cases of enteritis due to Salmonella spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of early use of antimicrobial on the health and performance of Holstein calves in the first month of life

et al. 2020

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The early use of antimicrobial therapy has been introduced in many farms to prevent diarrhea and respiratory disease in young calves; however, there is controversy about whether this practice has a beneficial effect on the health of these animals. This study evaluated the influence of the early use of antimicrobials on the health and performance of neonatal Holstein calves. Twenty-six Holstein calves were screened and divided into two groups, according to the administration (ATB+), or not (ATB-) of tulathromycin (2.5mg/kg, subcutaneously) within the first 12 hours of life. Calves were evaluated by general clinical examination, fecal score, respiratory score, and external palpation of the umbilical region, besides fecal output of dry matter. Anemia was determined by using an automatic system and, also, using a commercial kit for iron dosage. Diarrhea was diagnosed by a centrifuge-flotation technique using a sugar solution (Cryptosporidium) and multiplex semi-nested RT-PCR (rotavirus/coronavirus). The performance of the calves was estimated by Daily Weight Gain (DWG). The young dairy calves were evaluated within 12 hours of birth (≤12h) and at 3-5th (D3-5), 7-9th (D7-9), 13-15th (D13-15), 20-23rd (D20-23), and 27-30th (D27-30) days of life. No difference was noted between the ATB+ and ATB- groups concerning heart rate, respiratory frequency, and rectal temperature. Erythrogram showed a higher frequency of anemia in ATB- group (P=0.016) at the D3-5 check-up; lower values of serum iron were also observed simultaneously (P=0.051). Thirteen cases of respiratory disease were detected during this study; however, no significant difference was observed between the groups in this regard. The frequency of diarrhea (fecal score 2-3) was high in both groups, peaking at D13-D15. No differences were noted between the groups regarding the frequency of diarrhea when considering the dry fecal matter. The predominant etiological agent for diarrhea was Cryptosporidium spp.. The DWG was similar between groups, with maximum weight reduction on D13-15. The administration of tulathromycin in prophylactic dose (2.5mg/kg) at birth decreased the frequency of anemia but did not influence weight gain or the prevalence of diarrhea.

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Estudo longitudinal da infecção por enteropatógenos em bezerros neonatos, com diarreia, sob diferentes estratégias de aleitamento

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Protozoos gastrointestinales en terneros lecheros: identificación de factores de riesgo para la infección

Protozoos gastrointestinales en terneros lecheros: identificación de factores de riesgo para la infección

Economic evaluation and efficacy of strategic-selective treatment of gastrointestinal parasites in dairy calves

Influence of early use of antimicrobial on the health and performance of Holstein calves in the first month of life

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