Respostas fisiológicas e comportamentais de vacas Holandesas mantidas em sistema adiabático evaporativo

Vilela, Reíssa Alves; Leme, T. M. C.; Titto, Cristiane Gonçalves; Neto, Paulo Fantinato; Pereira, Alfredo Manuel Franco; Balieiro, J. C. C.; Titto, Evaldo Antônio Lencioni

doi:10.1590/s0100-736x2013001100015

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…When animals are going through thermal discomfort, the first visible sign of stress is an increase in RR (VILELA et al, 2013). ALAM et al (2010) also affirmed that when buffaloes are under thermal stress: panting, excessive salivation, tongue protrusion a nd neck extension are followed by a RR of 42.7 movements/ minute and SST of 38.9 °C, for skin exposed to sun and 36.9 °C for skin under shade.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of thermorregulatory capacity of dairy buffaloes using infrared thermography

2016

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ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to evaluate the thermoregulatory response of dairy buffaloes in pre-milking and post-milking. To identify animal thermoregulatory capacity, skin surface temperatures were taken by an infrared thermometer (SST), a thermographic camera (MTBP) as well as respiratory rate records (RR). Black Globe and Humidity Index (BGHI), radiating thermal load (RTL) and enthalpy (H) were used to characterize the thermal environment. Artificial Neural Networks analyzed those indices as well as animal physiological data, using a single layer trained with the least mean square (LMS) algorithm. The results indicated that pre-milking and post-milking environments reached BGHI, RR, SST and MTBP values above thermal neutrality zone for buffaloes. In addition, limits of surface skin temperatures were mostly influenced by changing ambient conditions to the detriment of respiratory rates. It follows that buffaloes are sensitive to environmental changes and their skin temperatures are the best indicators of thermal comfort in relation to respiratory rate.KEYWORDS: buffalo, heat stress, respiratory rate, surface temperature. AVALIAÇÃO DA CAPACIDADE TERMORREGULATÓRIA DE BÚFALAS LEITEIRAS UTILIZANDO TERMOGRAFIA DE INFRAVERMELHORESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resposta termorregulatória de búfalas leiteiras nos ambientes de pré-ordenha (sala de espera) e pós-ordenha. Para identificar a capacidade termorregulatória dos animais, coletou-se a temperatura de superfície da pele, utilizando um termômetro de infravermelho (TMPT) e uma câmera termográfica (TMPC), e a frequência respiratória (FR) dos animais. Para a caracterização do ambiente térmico, foram calculados o índice de temperatura de globo e umidade (ITGU), a carga térmica radiante (CTR) e a entalpia (H). Os índices e os dados fisiológicos dos animais foram analisados utilizando-se de Redes Neurais Artificiais com uma única camada, treinadas com o algoritmo mínimo quadrado médio (LMS -Least mean square). Os resultados indicaram que os ambientes de pré e pós-ordenha alcançaram valores de ITGU, FR, TMPT e TMPC acima dos limites relacionados à zona de termoneutralidade dos bubalinos, sendo a temperatura superficial da pele influenciada mais intensamente pela variação das condições ambientais em detrimento da frequência respiratória. Conclui-se que os bubalinos são sensíveis às variações ambientais, sendo o s valores de temperatura de superfície da pele melhores indicadores de conforto térmico em relação à frequência respiratória.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of thermorregulatory capacity of dairy buffaloes using infrared thermography

2016

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“…Respiratory rate measurements are a key means of characterizing thermal discomfort in cattle (FERREIRA et al, 2006) because an increase in this rate is the first visible sign that the animal is under heat stress (VILELA et al, 2013). Furthermore, cows exhibiting an increased respiratory rate for an extended period show decreased feed intake and rumination, and thus, milk production decreases 474 Physiological parameters… CRUZ, P. F. F. et al (KADZERE et al, 2002).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological parameters, hair coat morphological characteristics and temperature gradients in holstein-gyr crossbred cows

Cruz¹,

Monteiro²,

Guimarães³

et al. 2016

Biosci. J.

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ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to assess physiological parameters, hair coat morphological characteristics and temperature gradients in crossbred Holstein-Gyr cows in the municipality of Tapira, Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil. Forty-nine lactating cows from six Holstein (H) and Gyr (G) genetic groups (1/4H 3/4G, 3/8H 5/8G, 1/2H 1/2G, 5/8H 3/8G, 3/4H 1/4G and 7/8H 1/8G) were distributed in a completely randomized design. The dry-bulb temperature and relative humidity were recorded, and the temperature and humidity index (THI) was calculated. The rectal temperature, respiratory rate and body surface temperature were measured, as were hair thickness, numbers, length and angle. Cows with a greater than 50% Holstein breed ratio (5/8H 3/8G, 3/4H 1/4G and 7/8H 1/8G) showed a higher respiratory rate and greater hair length than animals with genetic composition equal to or greater than 50% Zebu (1/2H 1/2G, 3/8H 5/8G and 1/4H 3/4G). Animals from the 1/2 and 1/4 HG genetic groups showed the greatest hair angle (P<0.05). With respect to climatic characteristics, the examined locality was within the thermoneutral zone and therefore did not impose conditions of thermal stress. The animals exhibited thermoregulation and hair coat characteristics that were within physiological parameters.

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“…In this sense, rectal temperature and respiratory rate are considered the best physiological parameters to estimate the heat tolerance of cattle (McManus et al 2009;Morais et al 2008). In fact, the first visible physiological parameter that shows that animals are stressed is a change in RR (Vilela et al 2013), and subsequently an increase in RT occurs. The reference ideal values for rectal temperature may vary from 38.0 to 39.3°C for dairy cows (Du Preez 2000) and ideal respiratory frequency around 40- (Silanikove 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between physical attributes and heat stress in dairy cattle from different genetic groups

et al. 2015

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Dairy cattle raised under harsh conditions have to adapt and prevent heat stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate physical characteristics and their association with heat tolerance in different genetic groups of dairy cattle. Thickness of the skin and coat, length and number of hairs, body measurements, as well as physiological parameters and body temperatures by infrared thermography were determined in 19 Holstein and 19 Girolando (½ and ¾ Holstein) cows. The Holstein cattle were less tolerant to heat stress than Girolando (GH50 and GH75 Holstein), because of the difficulty in dissipating heat due to the larger body size, as well as thicker and longer hairs. The correlations between physical characteristics, physiological parameters, and thermographic measurements prove to be inconsistent among genetic groups and therefore are not predictive of heat tolerance, while the regressions of morphometric characteristics on physiological and thermographic measures were not significant. Thus, the physical characteristics were not good predictors of physiological indices and thermographic temperature and so should not be used.

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Respostas fisiológicas e comportamentais de vacas Holandesas mantidas em sistema adiabático evaporativo

Cited by 17 publications

References 15 publications

Evaluation of thermorregulatory capacity of dairy buffaloes using infrared thermography

Evaluation of thermorregulatory capacity of dairy buffaloes using infrared thermography

Physiological parameters, hair coat morphological characteristics and temperature gradients in holstein-gyr crossbred cows

Relationship between physical attributes and heat stress in dairy cattle from different genetic groups

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