Conidiobolomicose causada por Conidiobolus lamprauges em ovinos no Estado de Santa Catarina

Abstract

Descreve-se um surto de conidiobolomicose em ovinos no Estado de Santa Catarina. O surto ocorreu entre os meses de dezembro e março de 2006, no município de Santo Amaro da Imperatriz, região litorânea do Estado. A propriedade possuía 75 ovinos da raça Santa Inês e seis desses animais adoeceram. Clinicamente os animais doentes apresentavam dificuldade respiratória, corrimento nasal seroso a mucossanguinolento e, por vezes exolftalmia. Na necropsia verificou-se uma massa amarelada na região etmoidal e adjacências que, às vezes, atingia os linfonodos regionais, cérebro, globo ocular e pleura. Microscopicamente a massa caracterizava-se por infiltrado inflamatório granulomatoso com áreas necróticas associadas a hifas largas pouco ramificadas. Através de exame molecular detectou-se DNA de Conidiobolus lamprauges. Os aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos, macroscópicos, microscópicos e moleculares caracterizam a conidiobolomicose causada por Conidiobolus lamprauges em ovinos.

Epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic aspects of sheep conidiobolomycosis in Brazil

“…An irregular nodular proliferation obstructing the choanae, as well as infiltration of the cribriform plate and eye socket causing the protrusion of the eyeball were also reported. Lesions spread to the brain, lungs, lymph nodes, kidneys, heart, and gallbladder were noticed (SILVA et al, 2007b;RIET-CORREA et al, 2008;BOABAID et al, 2008;FURLAN et al, 2010;MENDONÇA et al, 2012). RIET-CORREA et al (2008) reported the rhinofacial infection of sheep conidiobolomycosis in the Brazilian state of Paraíba.…”

“…With Gomori's methenamine silver stain of these lesions, numerous thick hyphae were observed. These structures were rarely septate, irregular in shape, with black contoured wall, sometimes with bulbous dilatation in the extremities (SILVA et al, 2007b;BOABAID et al, 2008;RIET-CORREA et al, 2008;FURLAN et al, 2010;MENDONÇA et al, 2012).…”

“…In Brazil, the disease is considered endemic in flocks of the Northeast and Midwest regions, being reported in ovine in the states of Piauí (SILVA et al, 2007a,b), Paraíba (RIET-CORREA et al, 2008), Pernambuco (MENDONÇA et al, 2012), and Mato Grosso (BOABAID et al, 2008;DE PAULA et al, 2010). Sporadic cases were also reported in ovine in the Southern region, in the states of Santa Catarina (FURLAN et al, 2010) and Rio Grande do Sul (PEDROSO et al, 2009). In Brazil the occurrence of conidiobolomycosis has ranged from 0.1 to 17.2% and the lethality rate always was 100% (SILVA et al, 2007a, b;MENDONÇA et al, 2012).…”

“…Table 2 lists the ovine conidiobolomycosis outbreaks reported in Brazil, including the years 1979 to 2014. Epidemiological conditions that determined the occurrence of the disease in sheep in the country were generally associated with periods of high rates of rainfall, temperatures between 19ºC and 36°C, high relative humidity and increased decaying plant matter on the environment (SILVA et al, 2007a;BOABAID et al, 2008;PEDROSO et al, 2009;FURLAN et al, 2010;MENDONÇA et al, 2012). Such conditions favor the proliferation of the fungus and, consequently, increase environmental contamination and predispose susceptible animals to inhalation of conidia.…”

“…In three outbreaks the animals were in Brachiaria spp. pastures (BOABAID et al, 2008;FURLAN et al, 2010;MENDONÇA et al, 2012). This type of vegetation might increase the fungus proliferation in the environment, since this vegetation produces considerable amount of organic matter being an ideal substrate for fungal growth.…”