Caracterização da mastite subclínica em caprinos produzidos em sistema orgânico no Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

774Pesq. Vet. Bras. 29(9):774-778, setembro 2009 RESUMO.-O leite e derivados são reconhecidos como veículos de patógenos para humanos, secundário a contaminação pós-ordenha ou de infecções do próprio animal, particularmente na mastite. Foi estudada a ocorrên-cia de mastite e aspectos do manejo em cabras de três propriedades criadas em sistema orgânico. O exame clí-nico da glândula mamária de 64 cabras em diferentes períodos de lactação, não acusou a presença de mastite clínica. Entretanto, o Califórnia Mastitis Test (CMT) identificou 54 (22,7%) metades mamárias reagentes (+ ou ++). Foram colhidas 238 amostras de leite, das quais houve isolamento bacteriano em 37 (15,6%). Em apenas oito amostras houve coincidência entre o isolamento bacteriano e o resultado do CMT, indicando sensibilidade de 21,6% para este teste no diagnóstico de mastite subclíni-ca em caprinos. Staphylococcus coagulase negativa (SCN) foi o microrganismo mais freqüente (83,8%). O teste de sensibilidade microbiana in vitro revelou resistência das linhagens de SCN ao cotrimoxazol (50%), ampicilina (48,1%), nitrofurantoína (7,7%), cefaclor (7,14%) e oxacilina (3,85%). Cefalotina, gentamicina, neomicina, estreptomicina e tetraciclina foram os antimicrobianos mais efetivos frente aos isolados. Não se evidenciou relação en- Milk and derivates are recognized as vehicle of different pathogens for humans. These micoorganisms may manifest as post-milking contamination or as in infections in the animal itself, particularly in mastitis. The aim of present study was characterizes the occurrence of mastitis and management aspects in dairy-goats raised in three farms of organic milk. The correlation between mastitis and goat husbandry was also investigated. The clinical exam of the mammary glands of 64 dairy-goats did not reveal the presence of clinical mastitis. Nevertheless, the California Mastitis Test (CMT) identified 54 (22.7%) reactive mammary halves (+ or ++). From 238 milk samples collected, 37 (15.6%) were positive for bacterial isolates. Coincident positive results for bacterial isolate tests and CMT were observed in only eight samples, which indicate a sensitivity index of 21.6% for the caprine subclinical mastitis diagnosis test. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) were identified as the most frequent pathogen in milk samples (83.8%). The in vitro sensitivity test revealed CNS strains resistant to cotrimoxazole (50%), ampicillin (48.1%), nitrofurantoine (7.7%), cefaclor (7.14%), and oxacilline (3.85%). Cefalotine, gentamicin, neomycin, streptomycin, and tetracycline were the most effective drugs. No correlation was observed between the occurrence of subclinical mastitis and race, lactation period, drinking water quality in farms, or milking system as adopted in the present study.

Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus spp. from small ruminant mastitis in Brazil

“…However, because CNS are the major mastitis causing agents in small ruminants, the high frequency of resistant genes in such species reported here is worth noting. Although goats and sheep are raised on pasture in extensive or semi-intensive production systems in Brazil, the widespread use of some antimicrobials for clinical treatment purposes might be associated with the high resistance rates (Ribeiro et al 2009, Schmidt et al 2009), as observed in the present study. Uncontrolled antimicrobial usage was reported by farmers and agricultural technicians in the sampling region.…”

Fatores de risco para mastite infecciosa em cabras leiteiras criadas no Estado da Bahia

“…O nível de significância adotado na análise múltipla foi de 5%. Os micro-organismos mais frequentemente isolados neste estudo (Tabela 1) pertencem ao gênero Staphylococcus o que corrobora vários outros estudos sobre a etiologia da mastite caprina no Brasil (langoni et al, 2006;Mota, 2008;sCHMidt et al, 2009;Peixoto et al, 2010, oliVeira et al, 2011. O gênero Staphylococcus está amplamente distribuído em todo mundo, sendo algumas espécies comensais na pele dos animais e mucosas, além disso, são relativamente estáveis no meio ambiente.…”

Physical, laboratory, and microbiological parameters of mammary gland secretions in postpartum does

“…Neves et al (2010) reported a prevalence of 11.5% of culture-positive subclinical mastitis in the semiarid of the state of Paraíba. Schmidt et al (2009) reported 15.6% of culture-positive samples and found a higher incidence of the disease in does with lactation periods between eight and 12 months, but no cases of asymptomatic mastitis in animals lactating for less than seven days. Muricy (2003) reported a prevalence of 57.4% (74/129) of positive samples in the state of Minas Gerais, whereas White and Hinckley (1999) reported a prevalence of 36.4% for clinical and subclinical mastitis and found 43.9% of samples with no microbial isolation, but increased SCC.…”