Occurrence of Phyllachora balansae in Toona ciliata in Southern Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Zacaroni, Ana Beatriz; Pozza, Edson Ampélio; Mansur, Thaís de Oliveira Fontes; Sussel, A. A. B.

doi:10.1590/s0100-54052013000300018

Cited by 4 publications

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“…patógeno Phyllachora balansae, el cual, se ha encontrado haciendo lesiones pequeñas de color amarillo que conforme avanza la infección produce manchas subcirculares, irregulares de color marrón (Fig. 7.A) (Ferreira, 1989;Zacaroni et al, 2013). También se identifica Phyllachora barkeriana en Cassia fistula, Apiosphaeria sp.…”

Section: Artículos Científicosunclassified

Protección fitosanitaria del arbolado urbano en San José, Costa Rica

Rodriguez

Gamboa²

2021

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Los espacios verdes en las ciudades, incluyendo el arbolado cumplen múltiples funciones para beneficio de la sociedad. Generalmente, los árboles en la ciudad se encuentran en condiciones desfavorables para su salud, lo que disminuye su vigor y muchos de ellos se enferman. Para manejar cualquier problema fitosanitario, es indispensable realizar un diagnóstico que permita determinar claramente sus causas. Se describen en este artículo los principales problemas fitosanitarios detectados en la ciudad de San José (Costa Rica), producidos por agentes bióticos como insectos, ácaros, hongos, bacterias y muérdagos y otros factores limitantes para su desarrollo del arbolado.

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Section: Artículos Científicosunclassified

Protección fitosanitaria del arbolado urbano en San José, Costa Rica

Rodriguez

Gamboa²

2021

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“…Cercospora leaf spot of T. ciliata is frequently associated with tar spot disease caused by Phyllachora balansae Speg., which causes defoliation and girdling of stems and the rachis, and may lead to plant death (Zacaroni, Pozza, Mansur & Sussel, 2013). Souza, Rodrigues, Maffia and Mizubuti (2011) studied the infectious process of Cercospora coffeicola Berkeley and Cooke in coffee leaves using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).…”

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Cercospora leaf spot in Toona ciliata: Epidemiology and infection process of Cercospora cf. alchemillicola

et al. 2018

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The biology of Cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora cf. alchemillicola) of Toona ciliata was examined in terms of the effects of temperature and duration of foliage wetting on the progress of disease and the mechanism of pathogen infection. To evaluate the effect of temperature on mycelial growth, cercosporin production and conidial germination, experiments were conducted in a 4 × 5 factorial design, with four isolates (HR01, HR02, HR03 and CML3059) at five temperatures (15, 19, 23, 26 and 30°C). The area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated in a 3 × 5 factorial design at three temperatures (20, 23 and 29°C) and five leaf wetness durations (0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hr). Penetration of C. cf. alchemillicola into leaves was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Maximum mycelial growth of all isolates occurred at 24.8°C. HR02 and HR01 produced higher quantities of cercosporin compared with CML3059 and HR03. Temperatures between 21.6 and 23.0°C favoured production of the toxin among isolates. Higher conidial germination rates occurred in isolates HR02 and HR01 compared with other isolates, with optimum germination occurring at 24.2–26.3°C. A leaf wetting period of 72 hr at 23.3°C gave the highest AUDPC value. No hyphal penetration was observed through natural openings. However, germ tubes grew inside wounds on the leaf epidermis. In addition, Phyllachora balansae (cause of tar spot) opened fissures on the leaf epidermis, thus creating wounds enabling C. cf. alchemillicola to infect.

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