Caracterização anatômica e citométrica em biribazeiro (Rollinia mucosa [Jacq.])

Abstract

RESUMO -O biribazeiro (Rollinia mucosa [Jacq.]) é uma frutífera nativa da América Central e América do Sul que se destaca das demais espécies do gênero por apresentar frutos grandes e comestíveis. Tendo em vista que pouco se conhece a respeito da anatomia da planta, tipo de reserva da semente, como também sobre o conteúdo de DNA de espécies da família anonáceas, este trabalho teve por objetivos caracterizar histoquimicamente as sementes e anatomicamente as plântulas, e determinar o conteúdo de DNA de biribazeiro. As plântulas foram obtidas de sementes coletadas na região Amazônica pela Embrapa Roraima e enviadas à Universidade Federal de Lavras. Os frutos foram despolpados, e suas sementes foram previamente lavadas e semeadas em bandejas de 48 células, contendo como substrato pó de serragem, permanecendo em câmara de germinação a 30ºC por 90 dias. Nas plantas obtidas, procedeu-se à análise histoquímica, à caracterização anatômica e à determinação do conteúdo de DNA. As principais conclusões deste trabalho foram que: (1) as sementes da Rollinia mucosa apresentam reserva principal lipídica; (2) as secções transversais da lâmina foliar indicam organização dorsiventral, do tipo hipoestomática com estômatos paracíticos e tricomas em ambas as faces da folha; (3) as folhas de biribazeiro apresentam, em média, 4,77 pg de DNA. Termos para indexação: Anonaceae, anatomia, histoquímica, citometria fluxo. ANATOMICAL AND CYTOMETRIC CHARACTERIZATION IN BIRIBAZEIRO (Rollinia mucosa [Jacq.]) ABSTRACT -The biribazeiro (Rollinia mucosa [Jacq.]) is a native fruit of Central America and SouthAmerica that stands out from the other species of the genus because it has large and edible fruits. Considering that little is known about the anatomy of the plant, the type of reserve of the seed, as well as little is known about the DNA content of species of Annonaceae family, this study aimed to characterize seeds histochemically and seedlings anatomically, and determine DNA content of biribazeiro (Rollinia mucosa [Jacq.]). The seedlings were obtained from seeds collected in the Amazon region by Embrapa Roraima and then, sent to UFLA, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais State. The pulp of the fruits were extracted and the seeds were previously washed and sown in trays of 48 cells containing sawdust as substrate, remaining in a germination chamber at 30°C for 90 days. A histochemical analysis, anatomical characterization and determination of DNA content of the plants obtained were made. The main conclusions of this research were: (1) the seeds of Biribazeiro (Rollinia mucosa) present mainly lipid reserve, (2) The cross-sections of the leaf blade indicate dorsiventral organization, hypostomatic with paracitic stomata and trichomes on both sides of the sheet (3) the leaves of biribazeiro have on average 4.77 pg of DNA.

Tetrazolium test for assessment of seed viability of atemoya (Annona cherimola Mill. x A. squamosa L.)

“…This was also observed in seeds of Acrocomia aculeata (Ribeiro et al, 2010). However, no difficulties were found in this study for the analysis of results, although atemoya seeds had predominantly lipid reserves, in the same manner as other species of the family Annonaceae, such as A. muricata (Kimbonguila et al, 2010), A. squamosa (Masruri et al, 2012) and Rollinia mucosa (Soares et al, 2014). Because of factors relative to the standardization of the method, different results are obtained between genera of the same family and even between species of the same genus.…”

Relationship between fruit phenotypes and domestication in hexaploid populations of biribá (Annona mucosa) in Brazilian Amazonia

“…The genome size reported here is similar to Lorenzoni (2016) : 2C = 5.42 pg (±0.12) with 15 accessions of unknown origin of hexaploid cultivated plants maintained at the Federal University of Espírito Santo (Alegre, ES, Brazil). The other two studies showed divergences in the size of the A. mucosa genome ( Soares et al, 2014 ; Leitch et al, 2019 ), but methods, sample sizes and provenances are unclear.…”

“…Annona mucosa has two ploidy levels: 2 n = 4x = 28 in a population in Peru ( Maas et al, 1992 ) and 2 n = 6x = 42 in domesticated populations in Brazil ( Morawetz, 1986b ; Lorenzoni, 2016 ). The species also appears to present genome size variation (2C = 4.77, 5.42 and 6.00 pg) ( Soares et al, 2014 ; Lorenzoni, 2016 ; Leitch et al, 2019 ). However, the cytogenetic and genome size studies of A. mucosa have many gaps, such as the absence of exact collection location and the lack of information about the phenotype of the fruits in the published studies.…”

IAPT chromosome data 37

“…Annona mucosa has two ploidy levels: 2n = 4x = 28 in probably wild populations in Peru (Maas & al., 1992) and 2n = 6x = 42 in domesticated populations in Brazil (Morawetz, 1986;Lorenzoni, 2016). The species also appears to be variable in genome size (2C = 4.77, 5.42 and 6.00 pg) (Soares & al., 2014;Lorenzoni, 2016;Leitch & al., 2019). Recent studies identified wild populations of A. mucosa in Mexico (Segura & al., 2018;Escobedo-López & al., 2019).…”