Desenvolvimento dos frutos de pêssego 'Aurora' e nectarina 'Sunraycer' no sul de Santa Catarina

Abstract

RESUMO -O desenvolvimento do fruto de pessegueiro é resultado da diferenciação e do crescimento das paredes do ovário após a fecundação. A persistência e o crescimento do fruto na planta dependem das relações exatas entre os hormônios auxina, giberelina e citocinina que condicionam o desenvolvimento dos frutos, caracterizado por uma curva dupla sigmoide, com três estádios distintos. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo conhecer o comportamento dos frutos e das sementes do pêssego Aurora e da Nectarina Sunraycer durante todo o seu ciclo de desenvolvimento. O crescimento dos frutos e das sementes durante o ciclo foi determinado semanalmente, coletando-se 30 frutos de dez diferentes plantas em ramos previamente identificados. As sementes foram separadas do fruto para a determinação do peso fresco (PF) e do peso seco (PS). O crescimento dos frutos da variedade Sunraycer dá-se de forma contínua e acelerada desde a floração até a maturação, sugerindo um curto período ou a inexistência do Estágio II de crescimento. Para a variedade Aurora, a curva de crescimento é diferenciada nos três estádios (I, II e III). O raleio dos frutos deve ser feito até o início do estádio II, para a variedade Aurora e Sunraycer. As sementes das variedades Aurora e Sunraycer atingem seu tamanho máximo no estágio I de crescimento do fruto. O aumento de peso seco na semente, para a variedade Sunraycer, é praticamente inexistente no estádio III, enquanto para a variedade Aurora ocorre o maior aumento de peso seco que vai até a maturação do fruto. Termos para indexação: Curva de crescimento, Produção, Ecofisiologia. DEVELOPMENT OF THE 'AURORA' PEACH AND 'SUNRAYCER' NECTARINE FRUITS IN SOUTHERN SANTA CATARINA, BRAZILABSTRACT -The peach fruit development is a result of the differentiation and growth of the ovary wall after fertilization. The persistency and the growth of the fruit on the plant depend on the exact relationships among auxin, gibberelin and cytokinin hormones, which condition the development of the fruits, characterized by a double sigmoid curve with three distinct stages. This study aimed to understand the performance of fruits and seeds of the Aurora peach and Sunraycer nectarine throughout their development cycle. Fruits and seeds growth was evaluated weekly by collecting 30 fruits from previously identified branches of ten different plants. The seeds were separated from the fruit for the determination of the fresh weight (FW) and the dry weight (DW). The growth of the Sunraycer fruits variety is continuous and accelerated from flowering to maturity, which suggests a short period or absence of the growth Stage II. For the Aurora variety, the growth curve is differentiated during the three stages (I, II and III). The fruits thinning must be done until the beginning of stage II for both varieties, Aurora and Sunraycer. Their seeds reach their maximum size at stage I of fruit growth. The increase in the dry weight of the Sunraycer variety was practically absent on stage III, whereas it increased significantly in the Aurora variety u...

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