Impacts of water availability on macronutrients in fruit and leaves of conilon coffee

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the concentrations and accumulation of macronutrients in conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) fruit, and their concentrations in leaves, over two years, in irrigated and nonirrigated coffee plants. Three-year-old conilon coffee plants of the cultivar Emcapa 8111 genotype 02 were used. An experimental design was carried out in randomized complete blocks, in a split-plot arrangement, with 14 replicates. The main plot factor was irrigation versus nonirrigation of coffee plants, and the split-plot factor was different fruit and leaf collection times. Collections began 10 days after the beginning of flowering and were performed on average every 28 days, until full fruit ripening. At each sampling date, five plants per treatment were picked out, by collecting one plagiotropic branch by plant, separated into fruit and leaves. Each part was dried, weighed, and subjected to the chemical analysis. Macronutrient accumulations and their accumulation rates were determined. According to the regression analysis of the data, fruit macronutrient accumulation curves fit best to sigmoidal equations. Irrigation affects the macronutrient dynamics in fruit and leaves during the fruiting phase of conilon coffee, and increases the accumulation of nutrients in the plant tissues. The macronutrients found in greater quantities are N, K, and Ca, in fruit and leaves, regardless of the irrigation treatment.

Root Trait Variability in Coffea canephora Genotypes and Its Relation to Plant Height and Crop Yield

“…Within group I, the genotype ID 31 concentrated 20.35% of total root length density (Figure 3B), 23.28% of root volume ( Figure 3D) and 22.11% of root superficial ( Figure 3F) area in the 50-60 cm soil depth. Group II was composed of genotypes ID 3,4,8,13,15,19,24,30,35,38,40,41,and 43. Group III was composed only of genotype ID 32, which had the highest root volume ( Figure 3C), mainly concentrated in the topsoil ( Figure 3D).…”

“…However, the production of C. canephora is threatened by climate change, as it is sensitive to both water deficit and high temperature [2]. The selection of superior genotypes for adverse environmental conditions and the evaluation of diverse genetic pools are therefore essential to ensure its sustainability [3,4].…”

Nutritional characteristics of conilon coffee genotypes grown in transition altitude with water management in soil

“…Water availability also contributes to nutrient uptake due to large volumes of absorbable mineral nutrients in the water (Cramer;Hawkins;Verboom, 2009). Thus, soil moisture management can significantly interfere with the nutritional aspects, such as the accumulation and concentration of nutrients in leaves and fruits of the crop (Covre et al, 2018a;2018b;Starling et al, 2018). In addition, the adjustment of the internal nutrient content can affect the acclimatization mechanisms (Ramalho et al, 2013), which is directly related to the developmental capacity of the plant under specific environments like higher altitudes.…”

Kinetic Parameters of Nitrate Absorption by Adult Coffee Trees

“…Prezotti and Bragança (2013), on the other hand, found that nitrogen contents in both the leaf and the root of Coffea canephora decreased with time after flowering, indicating occurrence of nitrogen remobilization during fruit development and suggesting a greatest uptake in the phases that precede those with the greatest demand. Covre et al (2018) studied the accumulation of macronutrients along the development of fruits of Coffea canephora and the concomitant variation in their contents in the leaves adjacent to them. These authors also verified a recover of leaf N content in the maturation phase in both, irrigated and non-irrigated plants.…”