Root Trait Variability in Coffea canephora Genotypes and Its Relation to Plant Height and Crop Yield

Silva, Larícia Olária Emerick; Schmidt, Raquel; Valani, Gustavo Pereira; Ferreira, Adésio; Ribeiro‐Barros, Ana I.; Partelli, Fábio Luiz

doi:10.3390/agronomy10091394

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…In a next step, genotypes can be selected for different cultivation purposes, but selection is always focused on the key trait productivity (Bonomo, et al, 2017;Bragança et al, 2001;Partelli et al, 2019Partelli et al, , 2020. Productivity is directly linked to yield and varies according to the cultivation conditions (Lima et al, 2008) and mainly according to the genotype (Silva et al, 2018(Silva et al, , 2020.…”

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Proportion of ripe fruit weight and volume to green coffee: Differences in 43 genotypes of Coffea canephora

et al. 2021

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The processing yield or performance, which includes drying and depulping of coffee fruits, can be calculated as the relationship between the volume of ripe coffee fruits and green coffee weight and is a relevant characteristic for the development of new cultivars. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the processing performance of 42 genotypes and one population of Coffea canephora. The treatments consisted of 42 C. canephora genotypes propagated by cuttings and one seed-derived population arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The genotypes were harvested when 80% of the fruits were in the ripe stage (red berries). We evaluated the relationship of the volume to weight of ripe fruit (ripe fruit volume [RFV]/ripe fruit weight [RFW]), the percentage of seed per fruit (% of seeds), the yield (in liters of ripe coffee) required to produce a 60-kg bag of green coffee, and the relationship between RFW and dry green bean weight (RFW/dry seed weight [DSW]). The results were subjected to ANOVA, and the means were grouped by the Scott-Knott test (p ≤ .05). The mean yield of the evaluated genotypes was 347.57 L bag -1 of green coffee (between 294.01 and 439.72 L bag -1 ). A lower seed per fruit percentage identifies genotypes with a lower yield and higher RFW/DSW ratio. The genotypes Z21, 700, AD1, LB1, Emcapa 143, and AP required less than 315 L of ripe coffee to produce one 60-kg bag of green coffee beans. INTRODUCTIONThe genus Coffea comprises at least 124 species (Davis et al., 2011), of which Coffea arabica L. and Coffea canephora

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Proportion of ripe fruit weight and volume to green coffee: Differences in 43 genotypes of Coffea canephora

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“…This way, a relationship between production and root growth parameters is expected. In fact Silva et al (2020) verified positive correlation between Coffea canephora production and root length, surface and volume.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…The samples were removed from the probe, placed in trays, and roots were separated, washed and weighed. The weight of roots with diameter bellow 2 mm present in the soil volume sampled was then extrapolated to the volume of the cylinder estimated by the average crown diameter to the 30 cm depth, in which about 90% of the absorbent roots of the coffee tree are concentrated (Inforzato andJunqueira, 1963, Motta et al, 2006;Ronchi et al, 2015;Silva et al, 2020;Magalhães, 2021). After complete maturity, coffee cherries of each assayed plant were picked and weighed to determine their fresh matter weight.…”

Section: Fine Root Production Per Plant and Bean Production Per Plantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Parameters of Nitrate Absorption by Adult Coffee Trees

Bohórquez

Martínez

Santos

2021

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Nitrogen, the most demanded nutrient by coffee plants, has a rate of recovery from the soil of about 50%. Because of that high doses of nitrogenous fertilizers are used to reach high production, and consequently high amounts of N are lost to the environment. Knowing the kinetic parameters of nitrate (NO3-) absorption over the fruit development cycle is important as a mean of achieve more adjusted fertilizer doses and better recovery rates for the N applied as fertilizers. This study aimed determining the kinetic parameters of NO3- absorption in different development stages of fruits from adult coffee plants. The kinetic parameters Vmax and Km were determined in a low production year, at the pinhead (PH), rapid expansion (RE), grain filling (GF), and maturation (MT) stages. One month before each kinetics assay, lateral roots of eight plants were excavated and wrapped into non-woven fabrics grow cylinders filled in with vermiculite to produce absorbent roots. On the assay day, the roots were washed and immersed into a container with 1 L of 90 μmol L−1 NO3- solution. Sampling began one and a half hours after that, and was taken every hour over 7 h. Data on NO3- depletion were used to calculate the absorption kinetic parameters Vmax and Km. In a low production year the Vmax ranged from 0.14 to 0.72 μmol g−1 h−1 in a root fresh matter basis and Km from 6.47 to 50.31 μmol L−1. The Vmax values were highest at the PH and MT stages; the lowest absorption rate was recorded at GF and Km was lowest at RE. As at the RE stage of fruits Vmax shows a positive correlation with grain production, adequate nitrogen availability must be ensured before this phase to not to affect coming coffee production.

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“…From each slide, photographic images of 10 distinct areas of the abaxial leaf side were taken for each genotype. After that, 50 photographs per genotype were analyzed with the Anati Quanti program [31] to quantify the epidermal cell density (ECD; in cells mm −2 ), stomatal length (SL; at the major axis) and width (SW; at minor axis) in µm (both in Figure 1), and the density (SD); these reflect the number of stomata per unit of leaf area, as well as the stomatal size (stomatal length × stomatal width (SS), stomatal index (SI, calculated as the ratio between stomatal number (NS) and the sum of epidermal cells with NS), and stomatal length/width (SLW; indicative of shape) [32][33][34][35]. The parameters were estimated according to Sack and Buckley [35].…”

Section: Leaf Morphological and Anatomical Traits Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Leaf Stomatal Traits among Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner Genotypes

et al. 2021

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Leaf morpho-anatomical characteristics directly reflect photosynthetic performance and the ability to adapt to different environmental conditions. The study of biometric traits is essential for the selection of promising plant materials for breeding purposes. To identify new varieties of coffee plants with desirable traits for genetic improvement programs, this study investigated the variability of leaf morpho-anatomical traits in 43 genotypes of Coffea canephora (as the species under study is hypostomatous). Seven leaf characteristics were used: epidermal cell density (ECD), stomatal length (SL), stomatal width (SW), stomatal density (SD), stomatal size (SS), stomatal index (SI), and stomatal length/width. Morphological traits (plant height, internodal distance, and leaf area) and grain production were also assessed. The data analyzed multivariate analysis of variance grouped by the unweighted pair group the arithmetic mean hierarchical method, and data were also subjected to a Pearson linear correlation and principal component analyses (PCAs). The results showed wide morphological variability reflecting six morphological groups, which is relevant for the genetic divergence analysis and for breeding purposes, as the results have the potential to identify superior genotypes. Within the groups, genotypes were mainly separated by the number of epidermal cells and the number and size of the stomata, reflecting a high genetic heterogeneity within genotypes. Positive and negative correlations were found, with levels of significance ranging from weak to strong among the analyzed traits. The highest correlation levels were found for SL × SS, SW × SS, and SI × SD. In addition, the PCA indicated that plant height, distance between nodes, and leaf area were positively correlated and associated. The greater the number and width of stomata, the higher the rate of gas exchange. Both characteristics are favorable for the development and production of coffee plants, explaining the positive correlation observed in this study. These results emphasize the usefulness of trait evaluations for the identification and breeding of genotypes to compose new C. canephora cultivars suitable for changing environments.

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Root Trait Variability in Coffea canephora Genotypes and Its Relation to Plant Height and Crop Yield

Cited by 20 publications

References 42 publications

Proportion of ripe fruit weight and volume to green coffee: Differences in 43 genotypes of Coffea canephora

Proportion of ripe fruit weight and volume to green coffee: Differences in 43 genotypes of Coffea canephora

Kinetic Parameters of Nitrate Absorption by Adult Coffee Trees

Diversity of Leaf Stomatal Traits among Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner Genotypes

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