Identification and field evaluation of a new blend of the sex pheromone of Hypsipyla grandella

Abstract

-The objective of this work was to identify and carry out a field testing of the sex pheromone composition of the mahogany shoot borer, Hypsipyla grandella, from a population in Southern Brazil. Abdominal glands of H. grandella females were excised and extracted using n-hexane; the gland extracts were analysed by gas chromatography (GC-FID and GC-MS). Wind-tunnel and electrophysiology experiments were conducted to evaluate the role of gland compounds in the mating behavior of H. grandella males. In the field, pheromone traps containing the identified pheromone were tested. In addition to the two previously identified compounds -(9Z,12E)-tetradecadien-1-ol and (9Z,12E)-tetradecadienyl acetate -, in insects from Central America populations, two additional compounds were identified in the blend: (9Z)-tetradecen-1-ol and (9Z)-tetradecenyl acetate. Gas chromatography-electroantennographic analyses showed that these four components elicited antennal responses from conspecific males. Wind tunnel bioassays using different amounts of the components Z9-14: OH, Z9, and Z9,OAc, elicited male responses similar to the response to conspecific calling females. When the binary and quaternary mixtures were tested in field conditions, males were attracted to the traps containing the quaternary mixture. The new pheromone blend identified in H. grandella males has a great potential to be exploited as a monitoring tool or control measure in the field.Index terms: electroantennography, gland extract, mahogany shoot borer, pheromone redescription, semiochemical, wind tunnel bioassays. Identificação e avaliação em campo de uma nova mistura do feromônio sexual de Hypsipyla grandellaResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar e testar em campo a composição do feromônio sexual da broca-do-ponteiro do mogno, Hypsipyla grandella, de uma população do Sul do Brasil. As glândulas abdominais de fêmeas de H. grandella foram excisadas e extraídas por meio de n-hexano; os extratos de glândula foram analisados por cromatografia gasosa (GC-FID e GC-MS). Experimentos de túnel de vento e eletrofisiologia foram conduzidos para avaliar o papel dos compostos das glândulas no comportamento de busca de acasalamento pelos machos de H. grandella. Armadilhas com o feromônio identificado foram testadas em campo. Além dos compostos previamente identificados -(9Z,12E)-tetradecadien-1-ol e acetato de (9Z,12E)-tetradecadienila -, em populações de insetos da América Central, dois novos compostos foram identificados: (9Z)-tetradecen-1-ol e acetato de (9Z)-tetradecenila. A análise eletroantenográfica mostrou que estes quatro compostos provocaram uma resposta da antena dos machos coespecíficos. Os bioensaios em túnel de vento -com misturas binária, ternária e quaternária, com uso de diferentes quantidades dos compostos - Z9,OAc -, mostraram uma resposta do macho similar à resposta de chamamento das fêmeas coespecíficas. Quando as misturas binária e quaternária foram testadas em condições de campo, os machos foram atraídos para as armadilhas com a mistur...

Volatiles as Attractants of Mahogany Shoot Borer, Hypsipyla grandella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

“…Therefore, the use of other control strategies as semiochemicals (kairomones and sex feromones) is recommended (Wyatt 1997 ). There are several advances in the study of semiochemicals with H. grandella , ranging from the toxic and repellent effects of extracts and oils obtained from different species of meliaceous, their ecological interactions with the volatiles of their host plant, and the use of sexual pheromone to control this pest (Holsten and Gara 1977 ; Borek et al 1991 ; Soares 2002 ; Lago et al 2006 ; Pineda-Ríos et al 2016 ; Blassioli-Moraes et al 2017 ; Borges et al 2022 ).…”

Integrated pest management of Hypsipyla robusta shoot-tip borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Chukrasia tabularis (Sapindales: Meliaceae)

“…The control of shoot-tip borer in the field is challenging (Newton et al 1993, Wylie 2001) and so far no effective control practice has been employed by the plantation sector (Newton et al 1993, Wylie 2001, Blassioli-Moraes et al 2017, Tra et al 2021). Control methods that have been investigated include improvements to silviculture, and application of pesticides and biological agents (Casanova et al 2001, Wylie 2001, Goulet et al 2005, Sánchez-Soto et al 2009, Balachander et al 2012, Blassioli-Moraes et al 2017, Arthurs and Dara 2019, de Castro et al 2019, Chi et al 2021).…”