Linear associations among phenological, morphological, productive, and energetic-nutritional traits in corn

Abstract

-The objective of this work was to verify if there is linear dependence between the phenological, morphological, and productive traits and the energetic-nutritional ones in early maturing and super-early maturing corn genotypes. A total of 36 early maturing and 22 super-early maturing corn genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replicates, and the phenological, morphological, productive, and energetic-nutritional traits were measured. The matrix of phenotypic correlation coefficients among traits was determined; the multicollinearity diagnosis was carried out within each group of traits; and the canonical correlation analysis was performed. Linear dependence was observed between the groups of phenological, morphological, and productive traits and of the energetic-nutritional ones. In early maturing genotypes, significant canonical correlation shows the existence of linear dependence between the morphological and energetic-nutritional traits. The significant canonical pair shows that taller plants have lower amylose contents in the grains and reduced nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy. In super-early maturing genotypes, significant canonical correlations of the phenological, morphological, and productive traits with the energetic-nutritional ones indicate that a greater number of days from sowing to female flowering and ear insertion height, as well as a lower number of ears, increase ether extract contents in the grains.Index terms: Zea mays, chemical composition, multivariate analysis. Associações lineares entre caracteres fenológicos, morfológicos, produtivos e nutricionais energéticos em milhoResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar se há dependência linear entre caracteres fenológicos, morfológicos e produtivos e os nutricionais energéticos, em genótipos de milho de ciclo precoce e superprecoce. Foram avaliados 36 genótipos de milho de ciclo precoce e 22 de ciclo superprecoce, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições, tendo-se mensurado caracteres fenológicos, morfológicos, produtivos e nutricionais energéticos. Foi determinada a matriz de coeficientes de correlação fenotípica entre os caracteres; realizado o diagnóstico de multicolinearidade em cada grupo de caracteres; e feita a análise de correlação canônica. Observou-se dependência linear entre os grupos de caracteres fenológicos, morfológicos e produtivos e os de caracteres nutricionais energéticos. Em genótipos de ciclo precoce, a correlação canônica significativa mostra a existência de dependência linear entre os caracteres morfológicos e os nutricionais energéticos. O par canônico significativo mostra que plantas mais altas apresentam menor teor de amilose nos grãos e redução da energia metabolizável aparente corrigida para nitrogênio. Em genótipos de ciclo superprecoce, as correlações canônicas significativas dos caracteres fenológicos, morfológicos e produtivos com os nutricionais energéticos indicam que os aumentos no número de dias da semeadura até o florescimento fem...

Canonical correlation for morphoagronomic and bromatological traits in silage corn genotypes

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Dealing with multiple traits in maize: A new approach for selecting progenies

“…These results show how the study of correlations alone can lead breeders to make mistakes in assigning relevance to the different traits determinants of grain yield. In addition, several studies corroborate how important it is to perform the decomposition of the correlations of direct and indirect effects (Alves et al., 2017; Entringer et al., 2014; Mhoswa et al., 2016).…”

“…The choice of EW as the basic variable was due to its high genetic correlation with grain yield, commonly evaluated in kilos or tons per hectare (Alves, Cargnelutti Filho, Burin, & Toebe, 2017; Crevelari et al., 2018), and due to the higher experimental precision in the evaluation of this trait, comparing to grain yield. A considerable amount of grain is lost at the time of mechanical threshing, and grain mixing between plots can occur as grains from a previous treatment may be left inside the threshing machine.…”

Agronomic Performance of Corn Cultivars as a Function of Phosphorus Use

“…In studies by Alves et al [25] with fifty-eight corn genotypes and Alves et al [26] with thirty-six genotypes, mean EH of 88 cm and 96 cm were obtained. These authors also found mean PH of 233 cm and 187 cm, respectively.…”