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Com o objetivo de quantificar os parâmetros que determinam a efetividade do gesso na recuperação de solos salino-sódicos do perímetro irrigado de Custódia, localizado em Pernambuco, visando ao aumento das áreas disponíveis para a agricultura irrigada um experimento foi realizado usando-se colunas de solo instaladas no laboratório de Mecânica do Solo e Aproveitamento de Resíduos da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em delineamento em blocos casualizados com arranjo fatorial de dois solos e seis níveis de gesso de jazida, equivalentes a 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 e 150% da necessidade de gesso, determinados pelo método de laboratório Schoonover M-1, incorporados aos primeiros 5 cm da coluna de solo com três repetições. Os componentes avaliados foram a condutividade elétrica, a relação de adsorção de sódio (RAS) e os cátions solúveis do extrato da pasta saturada. O nível equivalente a 100% da necessidade de gesso mostrou-se eficaz na diminuição da RAS do extrato de saturação dos solos, reduzindo os teores de sódio dos solos.

RESUMOComo ações de saneamento são escassas ou inexistentes no meio rural, o monitoramento das fontes de água permite o diagnóstico dos riscos e da precariedade das situações de saneamento. Neste estudo foi monitorado sazonalmente a qualidade da água dos poços da comunidade rural "Cinturão Verde" por meio de análises físico-químicas, colimétricas, e parasitológicas para identificação de fontes de contaminação devido à ausência de meios adequados de saneamento. Foram analisadas amostras coletadas em quatro períodos sazonais e detectados coliformes acima dos padrões de potabilidade do Ministério da Saúde nos poços tubulares em três dos quatro períodos sazonais. Foi detectada também a presença de parasita no período seco. Os parâmetros físico-químicos também estavam fora dos padrões da legislação em algumas estações, e foi constatado que esses riscos eram devido à inexistência de serviços de saneamento como: abastecimento com poços sem tratamento, precariedade de esgotamento e proximidade dos mananciais à criação de animais. Conclui-se que o monitoramento permitiu detectar períodos de riscos no uso de águas dos poços, avaliar diferenças regionais, e a necessidade de medidas de desinfecção da água antes de ser utilizada. Estas medidas de saneamento rural podem garantir a proteção dos mananciais de águas subterrâneas.Palavras-chave:águas subterrâneas, qualidade sanitária, saneamento, saúde ambiental. The monitoring of water wells as health evaluation strategy in RuralCommunity in São Luís City, MA, Brazil ABSTRACTAs sanitation is scarce or nonexistent in a rural environment, the monitoring of water sources allows for the diagnosis of risks and precarious sanitation situations. This study

Prior to releasing new varieties, one of the most common aims in breeding is to study genotype by environmental interactions. Using the analysis obtained from these initial processes, a multitude of varieties based on their relative performance through different environments is produced. Herein we assessed the link-up between GGE Biplot and REML/BLUP basedmethods in a commercial panel of 32 bean genotypes, which included 17 carioca bean genotypes and 15 black bean genotypes. The assessment was conducted during 2009 in four different locations of Pernambuco State, Brazil. Regarding the locations, São João and Araripina showed to be highly representative and non-discriminatory, while Arcoverde was the most discriminatory and well-represented favoring the selection of widely adapted genotypes. The selection of genotypes was consistent by using both methods and the final conclusion shows outstanding performance. Considering a high yield stability and adaptability, the following genotypes showed outstanding performance: the black types included CNFP (11995, 11983, 11985 and 11991), and the carioca types are CNFC (11951 and 11954). Understanding genotype by environmental interactions enabled us to identify potential genotypes for releasing.

Low yields of early ‘Carioca’ and black bean varieties are a consequence of instability and low yield adaptability to specific growing environments. The goal of this work was to evaluate the genotype x environment interaction of early ‘Carioca’ and black bean new lines aiming at obtaining genotypes with high grain yield and good adaptability and stability. In (2012), 15 genotypes of the black group were evaluated in Ibimirim, Belém do São Francisco, and Petrolina municipalities, in Pernambuco State, Brazil; and, in (2016), 11 genotypes of early ‘Carioca’ bean were evaluated in Caruaru, Arcoverde, and Araripina municipalities, also in Pernambuco State. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replicates, and grain yield data were submitted to analysis of variance, in which means were compared by the Tukey’s test and analysis via GGE Biplot. In Arcoverde, the grain yield was greater for all early ‘Carioca’ bean genotypes, whereas, in the environment of Petrolina, there was the worst grain yield in kg ha-1 for all black bean genotypes, individually. The GGE Biplot methodology was found to be efficient in identifying genotypes with good adaptability, stability, and yield. Differences presented by the genotypes for the grain yield trait give the basis to recommend the genotypes and express the possibility of selection for genetic improvement of the species.

This paper compiles a detailed set of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) lessons learned pertaining to design, execution, and safety based on global experiences over the last 20 years. While the benefits of a "correct" application are known (e.g., cost effectiveness, speed, permanence of treatment), history also provides examples of a variety of "incorrect" applications. These provide an opportunity to highlight recurring themes that resulted in failures. ISCO is, and will continue to provide, an important remedial tool for site remediation, particularly as a component of a multifaceted approach for addressing large and complex sites. Future success, however, requires an objective understanding of both the benefits and the limitations of the technology. The ability to learn from the mistakes of the past provides an opportunity to eliminate, or at least minimize, them in the future. Over the last 25 years of ISCO application, process understanding and knowledge have improved and evolved. This paper combines a thorough discussion of lessons learned through decades of ISCO implementation throughout all aspects of ISCO projects with an analysis of changes to the ISCO remediation market. By discussing the interplay of these two themes and providing recommendations from collective lessons learned, we hope to improve the future of safe, cost-effective, and successful applications of ISCO.

The aim of this study is to assess whether there is linear dependence between groups of morphoagronomic and bromatological traits in hybrid silage corn. Nineteen topcross hybrids and five checks were assessed in two different environments in Campos dos Goytacazes and Itaocara counties, Rio de Janeiro State, during the growing seasons 2013/2014. The study followed a randomized blocks design with four replicates. The phenotypic and canonical correlations between the groups of seven morphoagronomic and five bromatological traits were PLANT BREEDING -Article assessed. There is linear dependence between the group pairs of morphoagronomic, and bromatological variables. The morphoagronomic trait green mass yield can be adopted in indirect selection processes to indicate the increased bromatological quality of maize silage based on features such as crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, lignin, crude fat and mineral matter. Topcross hybrids UENF-2208 and UENF-2209 presented high potential for silage yield in the North and Northwest Regions.

Combining the use of agronomic, disease-resistance, and molecular information can greatly contribute to genetic progress in breeding programs. This study was developed to estimate the genetic distance between genotypes derived from backcrosses and their parents using morphoagronomic and molecular information and information pertaining to resistance to the Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV), and indicate genotypes with potential for generation advancement. The studied population consisted of 91 genotypes from the first backcross, one interspecific hybrid, and the species Passiflora setacea and P. edulis. For morphoagronomic characterization, the traits number of fruits, total fruit weight, average fruit weight, and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC, related to resistance to CABMV) were evaluated. Fourteen microsatellite primers were used to estimate genetic diversity among the genotypes, estimate diversity parameters and quantify the proportion of parental genome in the evaluated genotypes. The use of morphoagronomic and molecular information revealed the existence of genetic variability among the genotypes. The mean number of alleles is close to that expected for the population. Observed heterozygosity (0.42) was higher than the expected heterozygosity (0.30), indicating an elevated number of heterozygous individuals in the population. Due to their good agronomic performance, resistance to the virus, and genotypic and phenotypic distinction, genotypes 484 and 312 are recommended to compose the future stages of the passion fruit breeding program aimed at resistance to CABMV.