Óleo essencial de alecrim no controle de doenças e na indução de resistência em videira

Abstract

Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar as características químicas do óleo essencial de alecrim e o seu efeito na produtividade, no controle da mancha da folha e do míldio, e na indução de resistência em videira 'Isabel'. O experimento foi realizado em vinhedo comercial, em dois ciclos consecutivos. Os tratamentos consistiram das doses do óleo essencial: 0, 500, 1.000, 2.000 e 4.000 µL L -1 , além dos tratamentos Tween 80%, calda bordalesa, acibenzolar-S-metil e mancozebe. Foram avaliados a severidade da mancha da folha e do míldio, a atividade das enzimas quitinase e catalase, a massa e o número de cachos e as características químicas das uvas. Houve efeito quadrático das doses do óleo essencial de alecrim, para severidade da mancha da folha e do míldio da videira, nos dois ciclos, com resultados semelhantes aos dos tratamentos com calda bordalesa, acibenzolar-S-metil e mancozeb. Também houve aumento no número e na massa dos cachos, bem como na produtividade. O óleo essencial não interferiu nas características químicas das uvas. Observaram-se aumento na atividade da enzima quitinase e redução na atividade da catalase nas folhas. O óleo essencial nas doses de 500, 1.000 e 2.000 μL L -1 é uma alternativa para o controle de doenças da videira 'Isabel'.Termos para indexação: Rosmarinus officinalis, Vitis labrusca, sustentabilidade, viticultura. Rosemary essential oil in the control of diseases and induction of resistance in grapevineAbstract -The objective of this work was to determine the chemical qualities of rosemary essential oil and its effect on productivity, on the control of leaf spot and mildew, and on the induction of resistance in 'Isabel' grapevine. The experiment was carried out in a commercial vineyard, in two consecutive cycles. The treatments consisted of the essential oil doses: 0, 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 µL L -1 , besides the Tween 80%, bordeaux mixture, acibenzolar-S-methyl, and mancozeb treatments. Severity of leaf blight and mildew, the activity of chitinase and catalase enzymes, and mass and number of clusters and chemical characteristics of grapes were evaluated. There was a quadratic effect as affected by the doses of essential rosemary oil, for severity of leaf spot and mildew in grapevine, in both cycles, with results similar to those of bordeaux mixture, acibenzolar-S-methyl, and mancozeb. There was also an increase in the number and mass of clusters, as well as in productivity. The essential oil did not affect the chemical characteristics of grapes. An increase in the activity of the chitinase enzyme and a decrease in the catalase activity were observed in leaves. Essential oil at the doses of 500, 1,000, and 2,000 µL L -1 is an alternative for the control of diseases in 'Isabel' grapevine.

Comparative Analysis of the Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils of Spices Used in the Food Industry in Brazil

“…In O. vulgare essential oil, 20 compounds were found, represented by the main constituents cis-ρ-menth-2-en-1-ol (33.88%), linalyl acetate (13.90%) and p-cymene (8.29%). Probst also identified camphor as the major component of R. officinalis essential oil [39], being possible to observe similarity with the essential oil composition of this study, while other study obtained 1,8-cineol in a higher percentage, but camphor was present in the second place among the major components [40].…”

Óleo essencial de alecrim no controle de doenças da videira cultivar Cabernet Sauvignon

“…Obtenção dos produtos utilizados no controle dos patógenos O óleo essencial de alecrim, utilizado neste trabalho, foi o mesmo usado por Maia et al (2014b), o qual foi obtido por hidrodestilação, a partir de folhas secas (2 kg) ao ar, e teve seus compostos identificados com base no índice de retenção de Kovats (IK, determinado por série homóloga de n-alcanos, analisada sob as mesmas condições experimentais), por cromatografia em fase gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massa (CG-EM). Os constituintes majoritários foram o 1,8 cineol (44,39%), cânfora (19,75%), α-pineno (12,00%), β-cariofileno (4,53%), e canfeno (4,08%), correspondendo a 65% do total do óleo.…”

Fungitoxicity of Essential Oils on Plasmopara Viticola,causal Agent of Grapevine Downy Mildew

“…In the search for new alternatives for the control of plant diseases, secondary plant metabolism compounds present in essential oils with antifungal potential may be a viable option in the management of plant diseases in pre-and postharvest (CHAGAS et al, 2014;MAIA et al, 2014). In the worldwide literature, there is a significant increase in the number of studies that seek to find antifungal activity of essential oils as an alternative control of several plant pathogens, with promising results for cinnamon (RANASINGHE et al, 2002;KISHORE et al, 2007;MAQBOOL et al, 2010), eucalyptus (LORENZETTI et al, 2012), marjoram (FIALHO, 2012), melaleuca (FRASSON et al,2010), peppermint (CHAGAS et al, 2014) oregano (MALLET et al, 2014) and white thyme oils (PERINA et al, 2015).…”