Rastreabilidade de subprodutos de origem animal em dietas com levedura e trigo para frangos

Abstract

Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi rastrear a inclussão de farinhas de origem animal em rações para frango de corte com ou sem levedura de cana-de-açúcar e farelo de trigo, por meio da análise do músculo peitoral das aves pelas técnicas dos isótopos estáveis de carbono e nitrogênio. Foram utilizados 210 pintos machos (Cobb), com um dia de idade, distribuídos aleatoriamente em sete tratamentos de 30 aves cada, tendo sido um tratamento controle (dieta vegetal) e seis com inclusão de farinha de carne e ossos bovina ou farinha de vísceras de aves na dieta, com ou sem levedura de cana-de-açúcar e farelo de trigo. Aos 42 dias de idade, foram abatidas quatro aves, por tratamento, escolhidas ao acaso, cujo músculo peitoral foi retirado para análise da razão isotópica. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise multivariada. Os tratamentos experimentais diferiram do tratamento controle, e foi identificada a inclusão de farinha de origem animal, pelas técnicas dos isótopos estáveis, mesmo com inclusão de levedura ou farelo de trigo na dieta.Termos para indexação: Gallus gallus, carbono-13, certificação, farinha de carne e ossos, farinha de vísceras, nitrogênio-15. Traceability of animal byproducts in diets containing yeast and wheat meal for broilersAbstract -The aim of this paper was to trace the presence of meals from animal origin, in diets for broilers with or without yeast and wheat meal, through the analysis of breast muscle, by using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope techniques. Two hundred ten male chicks (Cobb) one-day old were randomly distributed to seven treatments (30 birds each), with a control diet (exclusively vegetal), and six diets containing meat and bone meal or poultry offal meal, with or without yeast and wheat meal in their compositions. At 42 days of age, four broilers randomly chosen, by treatment were slaughtered, and their breast muscles were collected for isotopic ratio analysis. The isotopic results were analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis of variance. The treatments differed from the control and the inclusion of meals of animal origin was identified by stable isotope techniques, even when there was yeast or wheat meal included in the diet.

Assessment of low amounts of meat and bone meal in the diet of laying hens by using stable isotopes

“…This difference between evaluation days was also seen in eggs and their fractions ( Table 3), showing that, isotopically, the animal is consuming, with a variation of around 2‰ for Furthermore, due to the inclusion of cornsoybean-wheat (CSW), enrichment in the 13 C and 15 N isotope values in the diets, as well as in the eggs and fractions, was seen. This observation is consistent with other experiments in poultry (ARAUJO et al, 2011;OLIVEIRA et al, 2010;DENADAI et al, 2009;DENADAI et al, 2008;GOTTMANN et al, 2008;CARRIJO et al, 2006 The isotope fractionation factor for tissue -diet was calculated in an attempt to find the best day, after changing the diet, to collect the samples for traceability analysis. The isotope fractionation factor of the eggs and their fractions (Table 4) was different between the collection days (1-28 days and 29-56 days).…”

“…The authors have also discussed studies involving the detection of 4% to 6% yeast inclusion in the feed. Gottmann et al (2008) showed that the traceability of animal-derived flours in the pectoral muscle of the broilers, determined by stable isotopes, was disturbed by the presence of yeast and wheat bran.…”

“…This is not consistent with the results of Carrijo et al (2000), who concluded that a maximum of 28 days is sufficient to alter the isotope signatures in eggs from laying hens when using two distinct dietary components (C 3 and C 4 grains). Analysing the pectoral muscle of 42-day-old broilers, Gottmann et al (2008) detected the inclusion of 1.5% viscera flour using discriminating multivariate statistical analysis, while Oliveira et al (2010) detected the inclusion of 8% viscera flour in the feed of 42-dayold broilers by MANOVA analysis.…”

“…According to Gottmann et al (2008), the addition of high amounts of yeast and wheat bran to the feed of broilers disturbs the traceability of animal-derived flour as measured by stable isotopes. Kanayama et al (2012) observed that the use of carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios to trace animal-derived flours in broiler carcasses may be affected by the addition of sugar-cane yeast, because, in the case of a 6% supplement, the yeast isotope signature cannot be discriminated from that of flour made from viscera and meat.…”

Rastreabilidade da farinha de carne e ossos bovinos em ovos de poedeiras comerciais pela técnica dos isótopos estáveis do carbono e nitrogênio

“…No entanto, a linha de pesquisa desenvolvida no Centro de Isótopos Estáveis Ambientais da UNESP, campus de Botucatu, visa rastrear subprodutos de origem animal na dieta de aves no produto final (Oliveira et al, 2010;Carrijo et al, 2006;Móri et al, 2007, Gottmann et al, 2008Móri et al, 2008), e foi fundamentada no estudo de Piasentier et al (2003), que certificaram a origem geográfica e os tipos de alimentação de ovinos por meio da razão isotópica do carbono em associação à do nitrogênio. Denadai et al (2005), em estudo de ovos de dois produtores da região de Bastos, São Paulo, pelo sistema de duplo eixo isotópico (δ 13 C e δ 15 N), analisaram ovos cujas informações do produtor descreviam uso apenas de produtos de origem vegetal na alimentação das poedeiras e os demais, uso de produtos de origem animal.…”