Isolamento de esporos de Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae no Brasil

Abstract

Este trabalho objetivou detectar presença de esporos de Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae em produtos de um entreposto do interior do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, a identificação de possíveis fontes de contaminação e a avaliação da possibilidade da transferência de esporos para colméias de apiários adjacentes a partir de produtos importados contaminados. Foram analisados mel e pólen importados disponíveis no entreposto, favo do ninho (crias, pólen e mel) colhido de uma colméia sadia, mel estocado em um dos apiários e abelhas adultas. Os resultados foram positivosem relação ao mel e pólen importados, a três grupos de abelhas adultas e ao mel do favo.

Diagnosis of American foulbrood in honey bees: a synthesis and proposed analytical protocols

“…Samples of pollen (Gochnauer and Corner 1974), wax (Gochnauer 1981), adult workers (Lindström and Fries 2005) or winter hive debris (Titĕra and Haklova 2003) can also be used. Routine collection and analysis of samples can be part of an operational or regional AFB detection programme (Schuch et al. 2003).…”

Using palynological evidence from royal jelly to mediate the spread of Paenibacillus larvae in Brazil

“…The bacterium P. larvae is exotic in Brazil and American foulbrood disease was only detected twice in the country. The disease was detected for the first time in 2001 in the municipality of Candelária, Rio Grande do Sul State, where samples of adult bees, honey, pollen and honeycombs were collected and analyzed (Schuch et al 2003). Spores of the bacterium were detected in three groups of adult bees and in honeycombs, as well as in imported honey and pollen samples.…”

In vitro study of the antimicrobial activity of Brazilian propolis against Paenibacillus larvae

“…In untreated colonies, spores in the combs can remain viable for a long time through extreme temperature changes. Beekeeping equipment and products from infected hives, including honey from colonies affected by AFB, can become contaminated and can promote the spread of the disease within and among colonies (Hansen and Brødsgaard, 1999;Schuch et al, 2003). As a result, beekeepers often burn infected colonies to eliminate the source of infection.…”

“…AFB was not documented in Argentina until 1992(Alippi, 1992 and has only just been detected in a few honey, pollen and adult bee samples in southern Brazil. However no clinical symptoms of the disease have been detected in live bee colonies in Brazil (Schuch et al, 2003) or in the bordering regions of Uruguay (Antú nez et al, 2004). There is also some evidence that the more recently introduced strains of AFB show resistance to some conventional antibiotics (i.e.…”

“…oxytetracycline), but not to others (i.e. tylosin; Schuch et al, 2003;Alippi et al, 2005). If the disease does spread through Brazil, beekeepers may try to control it with antibiotics with limited effectiveness, and possibly lose the emerging and very promising honey export market.…”