Efeitos da temperatura e da defesa da presa no consumo pelo predador Supputius cincticeps (Stäl) (Heteroptera:Pentatomidae)

Abstract

RESUMO -A pesquisa objetivou determinar se a temperatura e a defesa da presa afetam o consumo e a utilização de larvas de Tenebrio molitor L. por ninfas de Supputius cincticeps (Stäl). Quantificaram-se em cada um dos ínstares do predador Supputius cincticeps os consumos bruto e diário das larvas de T. molitor com e sem defesa, ganho de peso total e ganho de peso diário pelo predador. Foram determinados os efeitos da defesa da presa e da temperatura ambiente no consumo de alimento pelas ninfas de 2 o , 3 o , 4 o e 5 o ínstares de S. cincticeps. A pesquisa foi conduzida na Unidade de Controle Biológico da Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Algodão, em Campina Grande, PB, a 20, 25, e 30 o C, 60±10% UR e fotofase de 14 horas. Os resultados mostraram que o consumo bruto de larvas de T. molitor pelo S. cincticeps depende do ínstar do predador e da temperatura, do ínstar do predador e da defesa da presa, e da temperatura e defesa da presa; o consumo diário de S. cincticeps depende do ínstar do predador e da temperatura, e do ínstar do predador e da defesa da presa, e o ganho de peso de S. cincticeps depende do seu ínstar, da temperatura e da defesa apresentada pelas larvas de T. molitor. O tamanho das larvas de T. molitor funciona como defesa ao ataque de S. cincticeps.Termos para indexação: controle biológico, nutrição, consumo de alimento, utilização de alimento. EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND OF THE PREY DEFENSE ON THE CONSUMPTION BY THE PREDATOR SUPPUTIUS CINCTICEPS (STÄL) (HETEROPTERA:PENTATOMIDAE)ABSTRACT -The objective of the research was to determine if the temperature and pray defense affect the consumption and utilization of Tenebrio molitor L. larvae by nymphs of Supputius cincticeps (Stäl). The gross and daily consumptions of T. molitor larvae with and without defense by the predator Supputius cincticeps, and the gross and daily weight gains of the predator were quantified. Effects of the prey defense and temperature on the food consumption by the 2 nd , 3 rd , 4 th and 5 th instar nimphs of S. cincticeps were determined. The research was carried out in the Biological Control Unit of the Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Algodão, at Campina Grande, PB, Brazil, at 20, 25, and 30°C, 60±10% RH and 14L:10D photoperiod. The results showed that the gross consumption of T. molitor larvae by S. cincticeps depends on the predator instar and on temperature, on the predator instar and on the prey defense, and on temperature and on the prey defense; the daily consumption of S. cincticeps depends on its instar and on temperature, and on its instar and on the prey defense; and S. cincticeps weight gain depends on its instar, on temperature and on the prey defense. The size of T. molitor larvae works as a defense to attack of S. cincticeps.

Does the aggressiveness of the prey modify the attack behavior of the predator Supputius cincticeps (Stål) (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae)?

“…We observed a similar defense behavior for T. arnobia and S. frugiperda, what reduced their predation compared to T. molitor, which was a calmer larvae. Abrupt movements of the body and head by the prey often resulted in the interruption of the attack by S. cincticeps, demonstrating the importance of defensive behavior of the prey to the success of predation (Azevedo & Ramalho 1999;Lemos et al 2005;Matlock 2005). This behavior was observed for the larva of T. arnobia, which increases the body movements and enhances the attack with the mandibles, because it has a more flexible body and, in turn, suffers less attacks by the predator.…”

“…Population density, the size and defensive tactics of prey and predator species, and attack techniques directly affect predation success (Azevedo & Ramalho 1999;Jeschke & Tollrian 2000;Al-Zyould & Sengonca 2004;Hajer & Hrubá 2007). The success of predation affects many aspects of the life history of predatory Hemiptera, including the reduction of feeding time and predation risk at early instars, as well as survival and fecundity (Grundy & Maelzer 2000;Matlock 2005;Zanuncio et al 2005).…”

Morphology of female reproductive tract of the predator Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) fed on different diets

“…Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) is one of the most studied Asopinae predator in Brazil besides Podisus rostralis (Stäl) , Matos Neto et al, 1998, Podisus distinctus (Stäl) , Oliveira et al, 1999, Podisus sculptus Distant (Nascimento et al, 1997), Brontocoris tabidus (Signoret) (Barcelos et al, 1994;Zanuncio et al, 2000) and Supputius cincticeps (Stäl) , Azevedo and Ramalho 1999a, 1999b, Wanderley and Ramalho 1999. Studies on biology (Medeiros et al, 1998, Moreira et al, 1998, ecology and nutrition (Saavedra et al 1996 have been developed but little is known about the reproductive tract, internal morphology and histology of P. nigrispinus.…”

Effect of sub-lethal concentrations of permethrin on ovary activation in the predator Supputius cincticeps (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

“…Predatory Pentatomidae (Asopinae) are present in Brazilian homogeneous forests, and Supputius cincticeps (Stål) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) is an important natural enemy of defoliator caterpillars of Eucalyptus (Zanuncio et al, 1994), which suggests its use in biological control (Azevedo & Ramalho, 1999;Wanderley & Ramalho, 1999). In spite of this, research on this possibility in pest management is recent (Zanuncio et al, /97, 1998Aldrich et al, 1997;Silva et al, 1997).…”