New methods to quantify NH3 volatilization from fertilized surface soil with urea

Alves, Ana Carolina; Oliveira, P. P. A.; Herling, Valdo Rodrigues; Luz, Pedro Henrique de Cerqueira; Alves, T. C.; Rochetti, Ramon Cellin; Júnior, Waldomiro Barioni

doi:10.1590/s0100-06832011000100012

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…sommer & ersbøll (1996) used a sigmoid model to relate the cumulative nH 3 -n volatilization from urea to the time after application, showing that in clay soil, half of the total losses can occur between 2 and 7 days after n fertilizer application. despite the underestimation of volatilization for the initial stages (0-6 days), the amount of volatilized nH 3 -n in the oC system did differ from that in the soC (figure 4a); soCs are considered to provide reliable estimates of the process due to the calibration of the system with 15 n. in a greenhouse experiment, Alves et al (2011) observed no differences between a soC and an oC in the quantification of nH 3 -n volatilized from soil. the estimates of mean nH 3 -n volatilization in relation to urea-n considering all rates (figure 4b) were 22.0 % ± 4.7 and 13.9 % ± 7.2 for the soC and oC, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…therefore, the urea was exposed to the same climatic conditions as in the remaining experimental plots. the oC, modified according to Alves et al (2011), consisted of a 16 x 16 x 0.2 cm rigid pVC plate (figure 1b). An nH 3 absorber consisting of polyethylene foam, identical to that used in the soC (diameter 14.4 cm, thickness 2 cm and density 0.02 g cm -3 ), was fixed to the underside of the plate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An alternative to this method is the use of collection systems that favor airflow in the area that captures volatilized nH 3 . therefore, an open collector (oC) with an absorber wrapped in polytetrafluoroethylene (ptfe) film has been proposed; this option seems interesting because of its low cost, easy handling and great potential for use under field conditions (Campana, 2008;Alves et al, 2011). oC consists of a rigid polyvinyl chloride (pVC) plate and foam saturated in an acid solution that absorbs nH 3 , and both are wrapped in ptfe film.…”

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Ammonia losses estimated by an open collector from urea applied to sugarcane straw

Mariano

Trivelin

Vieira

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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sUmmAry the quantification of ammonia (nH 3 ) losses from sugarcane straw fertilized with urea can be performed with collectors that recover the nH 3 in acid-treated absorbers. thus, the use of an open nH 3 collector with a polytetrafluoroethylene (ptfe)-wrapped absorber is an interesting option since its cost is low, handling easy and microclimatic conditions irrelevant. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of an open collector for quantifying nH 3 -n volatilized from urea applied over the sugarcane straw. the experiment was carried out in a sugarcane field located near piracicaba, são paulo, brazil. the nH 3 -n losses were estimated using a semi-open static collector calibrated with 15 n (reference method) and an open collector with an absorber wrapped in ptfe film. Urea was applied to the soil surface in treatments corresponding to rates of 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha -1 n. Applying urea-n fertilizer on sugarcane straw resulted in losses nH 3 -n up to 24 % of the applied rate. the amount of volatile nH 3 -n measured in the open and the semi-open static collector did not differ. the effectiveness of the collection system varied non-linearly, with an average value of 58.4 % for the range of 100 to 200 kg ha -1 of urea-n. the open collector showed significant potential for use; however, further research is needed to verify the suitability of the proposed method. index terms: Saccharum spp., nitrogen, n fertilization, volatilization, collection system.(1) part of msc. thesis of the first author. received for publication in June 9, 2011 and approved in december 22, 2011.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ammonia losses estimated by an open collector from urea applied to sugarcane straw

Mariano

Trivelin

Vieira

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…Costa et al (2003), ao estudarem a volatilização de fontes nitrogenadas em cana-de-açúcar, em condições de campo, com colheita mecânica sem queima, registraram que as perdas ocorreram até os seis primeiros dias após a aplicação dos fertilizantes, em que a ureia, a ureia com adição de sulfato de amônio, o uran e um resíduo líquido enriquecido com nitrogênio apresentaram 36; 35; 15; e 9% de perdas, respectivamente. Alves et al (2011) também relataram pico de volatilização para ureia no sexto dia, com as perdas mais expressivas entre o quarto e o décimo dia.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Volatilização de amônia proveniente de fertilizantes minerais mistos contendo ureia

Gurgel

Ferrari

Fontana

et al. 2016

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar um método para estimar o N-NH 3 perdido por volatilização e determinar essas perdas em fertilizantes mistos contendo ureia. Um experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação, em bandejas preenchidas com solo arenoso, com as doses de ureia de 0, 50, 100 e 200 kg ha -1 de N. A amônia volatilizada foi quantificada por três métodos: CSA, coletor semiaberto; Sale, coletor semiaberto livre estático; e CA, coletor aberto. Em um segundo experimento, avaliou-se a volatilização de amônia proveniente de 18 fertilizantes mistos com ureia, ácidos húmicos e zeólita, em solos com textura arenosa e argilosa, na dose de 200 kg ha -1 de N. O CSA foi o método que recuperou mais N, seguido do Sale e do CA. O Sale é mais adequado para experimentos com elevado número de unidades amostrais, por ser mais prático. Os fertilizantes minerais mistos com ureia e ácido húmico (5 e 10%) e com ureia e zeólita (10%) apresentaram os melhores resultados na mitigação da volatilização da amônia, com redução nas perdas de N-NH 3 de até 38%. Os tratamentos são mais efetivos no combate à volatilização no solo de textura arenosa.Termos para indexação: ácidos húmicos, coletores semiabertos, fertilizantes nitrogenados, fertilizantes organominerais, perdas de N, zeólita. Ammonia volatilization from mixed mineral fertilizers containing ureaAbstract -The objective of this work was to select a method for estimating N-NH 3 lost by volatilization and to determine these losses in mixed fertilizers containing urea. An experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in trays filled with sandy soil, with urea rates of 0, 50, 100, and 200 kg ha -1 N. Volatilized ammonia was quantified by three methods: CSA, semi-open collector; Sale, free and static semi-open collector; and CA, open collector. In a second experiment, volatilization of ammonia from 18 fertilizers mixed with urea, humic acids, and zeolite was evaluated in sandy and clayey soils, at 200 kg ha -1 N. CSA was the method with the highest N recovery, followed by Sale and CA. Sale is more suited for experiments with a high number of experimental units, since it is more practical. The mixed fertilizers with urea and humic acids (5 and 10%) and with urea and zeolite (10%) had the best results in the mitigation of ammonia volatilization, reducing N-NH 3 losses in up to 38%. The treatments are more effective in mitigating volatilization losses in the sandy soil.

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“…Ammonia volatilization was assessed until 20 days after fertilizer application (Cantarella et al, 2008;Alves et al, 2011;Faria et al, 2013;Nascimento et al, 2013). The foams were replaced 2, 4, 6, 9 13, and 17 days after fertilization and stored in plastic bags at -4 o C for later extraction and analysis (Alves et al, 2007 The amount of NH 3 volatilized from the soil was assessed simultaneously in a control (without N) under the same experimental conditions to generate data underlying the calculations of NH 3 volatilized from fertilizer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hygroscopicity and ammonia volatilization losses from nitrogen sources in coated urea

Faria¹,

Nascimento

Ventura

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYHygroscopic fertilizers tend to absorb moisture from the air and may have undesirable characteristics such as moistness, clumping and lower fluidity, hampering the application. The increasing use of urea is due to its numerous advantages, although this nitrogen (N) source is highly susceptible to volatilization losses, particularly when applied to the soil surface of management systems with conservation of crop residues. The volatilization losses can be minimized by slow or controlled-release fertilizers, with controlled water solubility of the urea-coating materials; and by stabilized fertilizers, which prolong the period during which N remains in the amide or ammonia forms by urease inhibitors. This study evaluated the hygroscopicity of and ammonia volatilization from urea coated with boric acid and copper sulfate or with sulfur. The hygroscopicity of the sources was evaluated over time after exposure to five levels of relative humidity (RH) and volatilization evaluated after application to the soil surface covered with sugarcane trash. Ammonium nitrate has a low potential for volatilization losses, but is highly hygroscopic. Although coating with boric acid and copper sulfate or elemental sulfur reduced the critical humidity level of urea, the delay in the volatilization process is a potential positive factor.Index terms: boric acid, sulfur, crop residues, copper sulphate. Fertilizantes higroscópicos tendem a absorver a umidade do ar e podem apresentar características indesejáveis como mela, empedramento, menor fluidez, em que a consequência é a difícil aplicação. O crescente uso de ureia é atribuído às suas inúmeras vantagens, porém essa fonte apresenta elevada susceptibilidade a perdas por volatilização de amônia, principalmente quando aplicada em superfície em sistemas com conservação da palhada. Para minimizar esse tipo de perda, existem os fertilizantes de liberação lenta ou controlada pelo controle de solubilidade em água de materiais utilizados no revestimento da ureia; e os estabilizados, que prolongam o tempo em que o N permanece nas formas amídica ou amoniacal por meio de inibidores de urease. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar a higroscopicidade e as perdas por volatilização de amônia da ureia revestida com ácido bórico e sulfato de cobre e ureia revestida com enxofre. A higroscopicidade das fontes foi avaliada ao longo do tempo, após a exposição a cinco níveis de umidade relativa do ar; e a volatilização avaliada, após aplicação em superfície na palhada da cana. O nitrato de amônio apresentou baixo potencial de perdas por volatilização, porém teve elevada higroscopicidade. O revestimento com acido bórico e sulfato de cobre ou com enxofre elementar reduziu o ponto de umidade crítico da ureia, porém apresentou como um dos fatores positivos o potencial em retardar o processo de volatilização.Termos de indexação: ácido bórico, enxofre, palhada, sulfato de cobre.

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New methods to quantify NH3 volatilization from fertilized surface soil with urea

Abstract: SUMMARY de amônia, 15 N,

Cited by 19 publications

References 7 publications

Ammonia losses estimated by an open collector from urea applied to sugarcane straw

Ammonia losses estimated by an open collector from urea applied to sugarcane straw

Volatilização de amônia proveniente de fertilizantes minerais mistos contendo ureia

Hygroscopicity and ammonia volatilization losses from nitrogen sources in coated urea

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