Epidemiological pattern and mortality rates for hepatitis A in Brazil, 1980-2002: a review

Vitral, Cláudia Lamarca; Gaspar, Ana; Souto, Francisco José Dutra

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762006000200001

Cited by 45 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…In Brazil, seroprevalence studies conducted recently mainly in urban areas, showed a consistent decrease of the incidence rates in childhood 4,5,6,7,8,9,10 . Decrease in HAV circulation 8,9,11,12 as well as a progressive decline in fatal cases related to HAV infection in all Brazilian regions 8 have also begun to be noticed.…”

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confidence: 84%

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Hepatitis A seroprevalence in public school children in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, prior to the introduction of the hepatitis A universal childhood vaccination

et al. 2016

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This cross-sectional study was carried out between August 2011 and July 2012 in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Dried blood spot samples were collected on filter paper from 919 individuals between the ages of 1 and 19 and were tested for antibodies against the hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV). The total prevalence was 20.7%, while 94.7% of children under the age of 5 were found to be susceptible to HAV infection. The prevalence of anti-HAV increased with age, reaching 33.3% among individuals aged between 15 and 19, thereby indicating that this municipality has a low level of endemicity for hepatitis A. Age, non-white skin color, accustomed to swimming in the river and more than five people living at home were the factors that were associated with an increase in the chance of a positive anti-HAV result. Mother's education level (secondary or tertiary) was considered a protective factor for HAV infection. The data obtained showed that a large proportion of the children from Campos dos Goytacazes were at risk of HAV infection, which should be minimized with the introduction of the vaccination program against hepatitis A that was launched in the municipality in 2011.

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confidence: 84%

“…Decrease in HAV circulation 8,9,11,12 as well as a progressive decline in fatal cases related to HAV infection in all Brazilian regions 8 have also begun to be noticed. According to the Brazilian Surveillance System, there is an apparent downward trend in the number of hepatitis A cases reported along the years.…”

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confidence: 97%

Hepatitis A seroprevalence in public school children in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, prior to the introduction of the hepatitis A universal childhood vaccination

et al. 2016

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“…All these diagnostic criteria should be present in a patient with an active viral infection to confirm the diagnosis of VAHS 15,17 . Hemophagocytic syndrome associated with hepatitis A virus infection is rarely described, despite the high incidence of this infection in the population in general 4,7,9,32,33,42,47 . There are only 12 cases reported in the medical literature.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hemophagocytic syndrome associated with hepatitis A: case report and literature review

Tuon

Gomes

Amato

et al. 2008

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYVirus-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome (VAHS) is a severe hematological disorder related to some viral infections. It is an illness characterized by persistent fever, pancytopenia, splenomegaly, hyperferritinemia and, the most important, hemophagocytosis observed in the bone marrow, liver and/or lymph nodes. VAHS associated with hepatitis A virus infection is rarely described, despite the high incidence of this viral infection in the population in general. There is no consensus in the literature regarding the optimal treatment of VAHS. In this article the clinical features, presumed pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria and treatment of VAHS are discussed, including description of cases of VAHS related to hepatitis A virus infection found in the medical literature.

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“…In Brazil, HAV infection accounts for the majority of viral hepatitis notifications 24 . Changes in the epidemiological patterns have been described in some regions due to improvements in sanitation and socioeconomic conditions 10 22 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence of hepatitis A virus infection: the paradoxical example of isolated communities in the western Brazilian Amazon region

Braga

Borges

Júnior

et al. 2009

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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This study evaluated the prevalence of hepatitis A virus infection in the rural area of Lábrea, in the western Brazilian Amazon region. Communities and households were selected randomly. Serum samples were analyzed by means of the immunoenzymatic method for the presence of total antibodies against HAV. The study included 1,499 individuals. The prevalence of anti-HAV was 74.6% (95% CI 72.3-76.8). Univariate analysis showed associations with age (chi-square for linear trend = 496.003, p < 0.001), presence of outside toilet (p < 0.001), history of hepatitis (p < 0.001) and family history of hepatitis (p = 0.05). After adjusting for age, HAV infection also showed an association with the number of people in the family (p = 0.03). The overall prevalence rates were high, but not more than 60% of the children under the age of ten years had already been infected. Very high prevalence was detected only within older cohorts, thus paradoxically defining this as a region with intermediate endemicity, even under the conditions of poverty encountered. Key-words:Hepatitis A virus. Epidemiology. Prevalence. Amazon region. Brazil. RESUMOEste estudo avaliou a prevalência de infecção pelo vírus da hepatite A na área rural de Lábrea, Amazônia Ocidental Brasileira. Comunidades e domicílios foram selecionados aleatoriamente. Amostras de soro foram analisadas pelo método imunoenzimático para os anticorpos totais contra o vírus da hepatite A. O estudo incluiu 1.499 indivíduos. A prevalência do anti-HAV foi 74,6% (IC 95% 72,3 a 76,8). Análise univariada mostrou associação com idade (qui-quadrado de tendência linear = 496,003, p<0,001), presença de sanitário fora do domicílio (p<0,001), passado de hepatite (p<0,001) e história familiar de hepatite (p=0,05). Depois de controlado por idade, a infecção pelo VHA mostrou também associação com o número de pessoas na família (p=0,03). A prevalência global mostra taxas elevadas, entretanto não mais do que 60% dos menores de 10 anos, já são infectados, e prevalências elevadas são detectadas em coortes de mais idade, mostrando paradoxalmente uma definição de região de endemicidade intermediária, mesmo nas condições de pobreza encontradas. Palavras-chaves:Vírus da hepatite A. Epidemiologia. Prevalência. Região amazônica. Brasil.

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Epidemiological pattern and mortality rates for hepatitis A in Brazil, 1980-2002: a review

Abstract: The prevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV)

Cited by 45 publications

References 39 publications

Hepatitis A seroprevalence in public school children in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, prior to the introduction of the hepatitis A universal childhood vaccination

Hepatitis A seroprevalence in public school children in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, prior to the introduction of the hepatitis A universal childhood vaccination

Hemophagocytic syndrome associated with hepatitis A: case report and literature review

Prevalence of hepatitis A virus infection: the paradoxical example of isolated communities in the western Brazilian Amazon region

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