Development of a Bacillus sphaericus tablet formulation and its evaluation as a larvicide in the biological control of Culex quinquefasciatus

Medeiros, Flávia Patrícia Morais de; Santos, Maria Angélica Borges dos; Regis, Lêda; Rios, Eugênia Maria; Rolim-Neto, Pedro José

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762005000400015

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Among various microbial pesticides, Bacillus thuringiensis and B. sphaericus are being used widely as larvicidal bacteria for mosquito control (Balaraman 1995;Lee and Zairi 2005;Medeiros et al 2005;Armengol et al 2006). However, the development of resistance to B. sphaericus by vector mosquitoes (Nielsen-Leroux et al 1995;Poopathi et al 1999;Su and Mulla 2004), prompted us to search for new mosquitocidal bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among various biocontrol agent, B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis and B. sphaericus have been extensively studied and used for mosquito control (Medeiros et al 2005;Armengol et al 2006). Few other bacterial strains such as B. alvei and B. brevis (Khyami-Horani et al 1999), Brevibacillus laterosporus (Shida et al 1996), B. circulans (Darriet and Hougard 2002) and B. subtilis (Das and Mukherjee 2006) also have been reported to act against mosquito.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Mosquitocidal properties of Bacillus species isolated from mangroves of Vellar estuary, Southeast coast of India

2013

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Samples collected from the mangroves of Vellar estuary yielded a mosquitocidal bacterium, whose secondary metabolites exhibited mosquito larvicidal and pupicidal activity. The bacterium was isolated using standard microbiological methods and identified using classical biochemical tests. The mosquitocidal bacterium was identified as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus sphaericus and Bacillus cereus. Mosquitocidal metabolite(s) was separated from the culture supernatant of the bacterium and its efficacy was against the larval and pupal stages of two different species of mosquitoes and determined in terms of LC 50 and LC 90 . Mosquito larvicidal activity in terms of LC 50 against Anopheleus stephensi and Aedes aegypti was 4.374 and 7.406 ll/ml and its pupicidal activity was 4.928 and 9.865 ll/ml, respectively. The present study proved that the mosquitocidal properties of the Bacillus species isolated from mangroves of Vellar estuary was evaluated as target species of mosquito vectors. This is an ideal eco-friendly approach for the vector control programs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Mosquitocidal properties of Bacillus species isolated from mangroves of Vellar estuary, Southeast coast of India

2013

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“…It has been proved to be very effective against Cx. quinquefasciatus, the vector of bancroftian filariasis, breeding in habitats prevalent in urban and peri-urban areas (Gunasekaran et al 1996;Medeiros et al 2005;Mwangangi et al 2011). After its application, the spores and crystals of the bacterium are ingested by (Gunasekaran et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus sphaericus in the adults of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes emerged from treated larvae and its effect on development of the filarial parasite, Wuchereria bancrofti

et al. 2011

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Bacillus sphaericus is a bio-control agent effective against Culex quinquefasciatus, the vector of bancroftian filariasis. Apart from its larvicidal effect, there are reports of reduced infection of filarial parasites in mosquitoes exposed to it. In the present study, adults of Cx. quinquefasciatus emerged from B. sphaericus treated larvae were fed on blood samples positive for microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti and examined at various time intervals to assess the infection level. The rate of infection was reduced from 95% on day 1 post-feeding to 75% on day 13, when fed with blood sample containing 41 mf/20 μl. The mean parasite burden was also reduced from 4.9 per mosquito on day 1 to 2.15 on day 13. When fed with another sample (30 mf/20 μl), the infection was reduced from 100% on day 1 to 80% on day 13. Reduction in parasite burden was 4.0 to 1.75. Abnormally developed second-stage larvae of the parasite were seen in treated mosquitoes. Thus, the results indicated adverse effect of B. sphaericus treatment on infection and development of the filarial parasite in mosquitoes. The possible reason for the parasite regulation was studied through the assessment of the carryover of the bacterium as well as its toxins to the surviving mosquitoes. The presence of B. sphaericus was determined through plating of homogenate of survived mosquitoes on NYSM agar. Toxic protein was detected through immunoblotting. The bacterium as well as its 41.9-kDa toxic protein was found to be transmitted from larvae to adults and affected the parasite development, directly by the toxin or indirectly by eliciting humoral immune response of the mosquito.

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“…As a result, the bacterial mosquito larvicides, Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis and Bacillus sphaericus, are identified as alternate tools and are being used for effective control of vector mosquitoes of filariasis (Balaraman et al 1983;Gunasekaran et al 1996;Lee and Zairi 2005;Medeiros et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mosquitocidal properties of Calotropis gigantea (Family: Asclepiadaceae) leaf extract and bacterial insecticide, Bacillus thuringiensis, against the mosquito vectors

et al. 2012

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Calotropis gigantea leaf extract and Bacillus thuringiensis were tested first to fourth-instar larvae and pupae of Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti, and Culex quinquefasciatus. The medicinal plants were collected from the area around Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India. Calotropis gigantea leaf was washed with tap water and shade-dried at room temperature. An electrical blender powdered the dried plant materials (leaves). The powder 500 g of the leaf was extracted with 1.5 L of organic solvents of methanol for 8 h using a Soxhlet apparatus and filtered. The crude leaf extracts were evaporated to dryness in a rotary vacuum evaporator. The plant extract showed larvicidal and pupicidal effects after 24 h of exposure; no mortality was observed in the control group. For Calotropis gigantea, the median lethal concentration values (LC(50)) observed for the larvicidal and pupicidal activities against mosquito vector species Anopheles stephensi I to IV larval instars and pupae were 73.77, 89.64, 121.69, 155.49, and 213.79 ppm; Aedes aegypti values were 92.27, 106.60, 136.48, 164.01, and 202.56 ppm; and Culex quinquefasciatus values were 104.66, 127.71, 173.75, 251.65, and 314.70 ppm, respectively. For B. thuringiensis, the LC(50) values of I to IV larval instars and pupae of Anopheles stephensi were 37.24, 45.41, 57.82, 80.09, and 98.34 ppm; Aedes aegypti values were 42.38, 51.90, 71.02, 96.17, and 121.59 ppm; and Culex quinquefasciatus values were 55.85, 68.07, 94.11, 113.35, and 133.87 ppm, respectively. The study proved that the methanol leaf extract of Calotropis gigantea and bacterial insecticide B. thuringiensis has mosquitocidal property and was evaluated as target species of mosquito vectors. This is an ideal ecofriendly approach for the control of vector control programs.

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Development of a Bacillus sphaericus tablet formulation and its evaluation as a larvicide in the biological control of Culex quinquefasciatus

Cited by 25 publications

References 6 publications

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Mosquitocidal properties of Bacillus species isolated from mangroves of Vellar estuary, Southeast coast of India

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Mosquitocidal properties of Bacillus species isolated from mangroves of Vellar estuary, Southeast coast of India

Bacillus sphaericus in the adults of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes emerged from treated larvae and its effect on development of the filarial parasite, Wuchereria bancrofti

Mosquitocidal properties of Calotropis gigantea (Family: Asclepiadaceae) leaf extract and bacterial insecticide, Bacillus thuringiensis, against the mosquito vectors

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