“…Additionally, these findings are consistent with studies that focused on a single anopheline life stage, whereby a previous infection acquired as an adult can render those individuals better equipped to fight a later infection (Lowenberger et al, ; Rodrigues et al, ). Finally, these data support findings that environmental exposure of mosquito larvae—mainly culicine larvae—to different microorganisms can have a negative effect on adult‐acquired pathogens (Dickson et al, ; Kala & Gunasekaran, ; Mahapatra, Hazra, Rup, Acharya, & Dash, ; Moreno‐Garcia et al, ; Paily, Geetha, Kumar, & Balaraman, ; Ramirez et al, ). Taken together, larval exposure to certain microorganisms, be it in the gut or hemocoel, can boost the immune system of an adult mosquito.…”