Aspectos da ecologia dos flebótomos do Parque Nacional da Serra dos Orgãos, Rio de Janeiro: III. Freqüência horária (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae)

Abstract

Os resultados obtidos de outubro de 1980 a setembro de 1982, confirmaram a preferência dos flebótomos pelos horários crepuscular e noturno para hematofagia. Somente foram capturados durante o dia quando o tempo estava encoberto ou nos meses de verão com escurecimento repentino, ocasionado por prenúncios de grandes precipitações, muito comuns nessa época do ano. Nos três períodos por nós estudados - matutino, vespertino e noturno - observamos um equilíbrio entre L. ayrozai e L. hirsuta e um certo ecletismo, quanto à hora de sugar, de L. shannoni e L. fischeri, especialmente a primeira. Com as capturas de 24 horas consecutivas constatamos a predileção de L. ayrozai pela hematofagia nas horas mais avançadas da noite, entre 23h e 2h, enquanto L. hirsuta foi mais freqüente entre 18h e 23h. Ambas, contudo, podem picar durante todo o período desde que as condições de temperatura e umidade sejam favoráveis.

Ecology of Phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera, Psychodidae) in Brazilian Atlantic Forest

“…ayrozai and Lu. hirsuta were the commonest species collected in forested areas of Rio de Janeiro, on human bait 6 5 , it was collected at Parati (ca. 5 m a. s. l.), in an area similar to Itaguaí, although closer to the sea 1 .…”

Ecological interactions among phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) in an agroforestry environment of northeast Brazil

“…They seek shelter in a variety of environments, including tree trunks and canopies, burrows, bushes, cracks in rocks, or even dog kennels and residences, where females can feed on the blood of animal hosts. Sand flies can be vectors of Leishmania parasites, which are subdivided into the subgenera Viannia and Leishmania , related to peripyloric and suprapyloric parasites (Aguiar et al , Alexander et al , Azevedo et al , Basimike et al , Comer and Brown , Gomes et al , Memmott ), which may cause cutaneous leishmaniasis (TL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL), both widely distributed worldwide. Given the diversity of Phlebotomine species, it is extremely important to control their abundance and distribution in order to reduce the incidence of these diseases (Chaves and Añez , Calzada et al ).…”

First report of nyssomyia whitmani (antunes & coutinho, 1939) and pintomyia fisheri (pinto, 1926) in a transmission area of American cutaneuous leishmaniasis, in south of minas gerais state, Brazil

“…This species has been adapting to per domestic rural habitats since 1953, reported to inhabit proximities of domestic animal shelters. 4,5 Recently, P. fischeri has been found naturally infected by L. (V.) braziliensis. 12 Although P. fischeri present an anthropophagic behavior, there is some discussion concerning its preference for feeding on dogs and chickens.…”

“…Knowledge about local sandflies fauna composition and behavior helps shed light on several aspects involved in the transmission of leishmaniasis and has been the focus of several investigations. 1,5,6…”