Cutaneous leishmaniasis in germfree, gnotobiotic, and conventional mice

Vieira, Eliane; Nicoli, Jacques R.; Moraes-Santos, Tasso; Silva, Marcelo Eustáquio; Costa, Carlos Alberto da; Mayrink, Wilson; Bambirra, Eduardo Alves

doi:10.1590/s0036-46651987000600009

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Also, it could be possible that the differences in phenotypes were due to differences in infection efficiencies, but we did not determine the parasitic loads. In fact, the influence of microbiota on the course of an infectious disease is unpredictable and the operator's mechanisms for protection or susceptibility have received attention in GF and CV mice infected with bacterial, enteropathogenic bacteria, protozoan, helminths and fungi (Sartor 2010), bacteria (Phillips & Wolfe 1959;Salkowski et al 1987;Silva et al 1987;Vieira et al 1987;Wilson 1995;Martins et al 2000;Torres 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sometimes the presence of the indigenous microbiota is essential for the pathogenicity of some protozoa and helminths (Phillips & Wolfe ; Vieira et al . ; Torres et al . ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently available data comparing GF and CV animals indicate that the indigenous microbiota almost always has a profound influence on host-parasite relationships during bacterial and protozoan infections (Sartor 2010). Sometimes the presence of the indigenous microbiota is essential for the pathogenicity of some protozoa and helminths (Phillips & Wolfe 1959;Vieira et al 1987;Torres et al 2000). In contrast, the microbiota can reduce the pathological consequences of other infectious diseases, as described for experimental infections with protozoa, fungi and helminthes (Salkowski et al 1987;Silva et al 1987;Martins et al 2000) and almost all enteropathogenic bacteria (Wilson 1995).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Influence of indigenous microbiota on experimental toxoplasmosis in conventional and germ‐free mice

Nascimento

Cartelle

Noviello

et al. 2017

Int J Experimental Path

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Toxoplasmosis represents one of the most common zoonoses worldwide. Its agent, Toxoplasma gondii, causes a severe innate pro-inflammatory response. The indigenous intestinal microbiota promotes host animal homoeostasis and may protect the host against pathogens. Germ-free (GF) animals provide an important tool for the study of interactions between host and microbiota. In this study, we assessed the role of indigenous microorganisms in disease development utilizing a murine toxoplasmosis model, which includes conventional (CV) and GF NIH Swiss mice. CV and GF mice orally inoculated with T. gondii had similar survival curves. However, disease developed differently in the two animal groups. In CV mice, intestinal permeability increased and levels of intestinal pro-inflammatory cytokines were altered. In GF animals, there were discrete epithelial degenerative changes and mucosal oedema, but the liver and lungs displayed significant lesions. We conclude that, despite similar survival curves, CV animals succumb to an exaggerated inflammatory response, whereas GF mice fail to produce an adequate systemic response.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sometimes the presence of the indigenous microbiota is essential for the pathogenicity of some protozoa and helminths (Phillips & Wolfe ; Vieira et al . ; Torres et al . ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of indigenous microbiota on experimental toxoplasmosis in conventional and germ‐free mice

Nascimento

Cartelle

Noviello

et al. 2017

Int J Experimental Path

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“…The authors infected conventional and germfree mice subcutaneously at the base of the tail. Germfree mice showed a small lesion restricted to the epidermis and dermis, and a predominant infiltrate of mononuclear leucocytes . Conventional mice had larger lesions than germfree mice.…”

Section: The Role Of Microbiota In Leishmaniasismentioning

confidence: 95%

Indigenous microbiota and Leishmaniasis

Lopes

Carneiro

Santos

et al. 2015

Parasite Immunology

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SUMMARYAnimals are colonized by their indigenous microbiota from the early days of life. The estimated number of associated bacterial cells in humans is around of 10 14 per individual, most of them in the gut. Several studies have investigated the microbiota-host relationship, and the use of germfree animals has been an important tool in these studies. These animals, when infected with a pathogen, have shown to be sometimes more resistant and other times more susceptible than conventional animals. Leishmaniasis is a worldwide public health problem and presents a spectrum of clinical manifestations. However, very few studies have addressed the role of the indigenous microbiota on the outcome of this disease. In this review, we will highlight and discuss the data available on the ways by which the microbiota can influence the outcome of the disease in murine experimental models of cutaneous infection with Leishmania.

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“…In Brazil, since the decade of 60, Torres (23) and Vieira (25), pioneers in the use of isogenic strains and germ-free rodents, respectively, initiated the use of laboratory animals with defined genetic and sanitary patterns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Mycoplasma pulmonis in laboratory rats

Barreto

Nascimento

Campos

et al. 2002

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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This work was conducted on rats in two premises located in Niterói and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. One is classified as conventional controlled and the other, conventional. The objective of the present study was to detect the presence of Mycoplasma pulmonis in animals with symptoms of respiratory disease and low reproductive performance. In the conventional controlled premises, 16 rats of Wistar-Furth strain were necropsied while in the conventional premises necropsy was performed on 12 rats of Hooded Lister strain. The clinical samples of lungs, trachea, oropharynx, middle ear, uterus and ovaries were subjected to culturing while the sera were tested for antibody detection. From 28 rats, 57.14% (16/28) were culture positive for M. pulmonis, being 81.25% (13/16) from the conventional controlled premises, and 25.00% (3/12) from the conventional premises. The ELISA test was carried out in 20 animals of both colonies. In the conventional controlled premises, 92.86% (13/14) were positive for M. pulmonis, and 7.14% (1/14) were suspicious, while in the conventional premises, 100% (6/6) of the samples were positive. The results confirmed that M. pulmonis was the etiologic agent of the disease that affected the rats under study, and that the ELISA positivity rated higher than culture.

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Cutaneous leishmaniasis in germfree, gnotobiotic, and conventional mice

Abstract: Cutaneous leishmaniasis was much more severe in conventional than in gnotobiotic mice as revealed by macro and microscopic examination. An inoculum of Leishmania mexicana amazonensis was used.

Cited by 17 publications

References 6 publications

Influence of indigenous microbiota on experimental toxoplasmosis in conventional and germ‐free mice

Influence of indigenous microbiota on experimental toxoplasmosis in conventional and germ‐free mice

Indigenous microbiota and Leishmaniasis

Detection of Mycoplasma pulmonis in laboratory rats

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