Tendência da transmissão vertical de Aids após terapia anti-retroviral no Brasil

Brito, Ana Maria de; Sousa, Jailson Lopes de; Luna, Carlos Feitosa; Dourado, Inês

doi:10.1590/s0034-89102006000800004

Cited by 54 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Pregnant who lived outside the capital also had higher risk of vertical HIV transmission, reinforcing the hypothesis of a differentiation in the availability of prophylactic measures, according to the place of residence. This situation is compatible with inequalities in access to preventative actions reported in other regions of Brazil 13,28,29 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Mother-to-child transmission of HIV: risk factors and missed opportunities for prevention among pregnant women attending health services in Goiânia, Goiás State, Brazil

2007

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Mother-to-child transmission of HIV: risk factors and missed opportunities for prevention among pregnant women attending health services in Goiânia, Goiás State, Brazil

2007

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“…It is considered that not receiving ZDV during prenatal care, at childbirth and in immediate postnatal period are major factors in the failure to control perinatal HIV transmission 13,14 . The evaluation of preventive interventions during maternity care is important to ascertain if the recommended protocol is being effectively implemented 14 . Knowledge of the patients' sociodemographic characteristics enables more targeted interventions for the population at risk 15 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of preventive measures for mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Aracaju, State of Sergipe, Brazil

Lemos

Rocha

Conceição

et al. 2012

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction:The main route of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in children is from mother to child. The preventive measures established for the Aids Clinical Trial Group protocol 076 (ACTG 076) significantly reduces HIV vertical transmission rates. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the ACTG 076 protocol in the maternity units of State of Sergipe, Brazilian northeast. Methods: This is a descriptive, retrospective study with a quantitative approach, with HIV positive women and children exposed, attending a Maternity reference for high-risk pregnancies. Data were obtained from patient records registered in the years 1994 to 2010. Results: Amongst the 110 pregnant women and exposed newborns, the ACTG 076 protocol was fully utilized in only 31.8% of the participants. During the prenatal period, zidovudine (ZDV) was taken by 79.1% of the pregnant women. Only 49.1% of HIV seropositive patients used ZDV during delivery. Two (1.8%) children were considered infected and 50 (45.5%) do not have a conclusive diagnosis to date. Conclusions: There were significant deficiencies in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, including lack of compliance with the three phases of the ACTG 076 protocol; inadequacies in prenatal care; inappropriate mode of delivery and lack of adequate follow up of exposed children.

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“…Since then, the increase in heterosexual transmission has resulted in a higher incidence of cases among women and a consequent increase in vertical transmission. About 75%-85% of infected children acquire human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through this pathway; 20%-25% through blood transfusion or blood products; in older children and adolescents, HIV is acquired through sexual transmission or use an intravenous drug needles [1][2]. In 2000, Szwarcwald et al estimated that 12,800 children 0-14 years-old were infected by HIV in Brazil and that 1,968 were born alive with HIV [3].…”

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confidence: 99%

Lipodystrophic syndrome in children and adolescents infected with the human immunodeficiency virus

2008

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The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has resulted in greater survival of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, the use of these drugs has been associated with lipodystrophic syndrome (LS), which is characterized by metabolic alterations (dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, diabetes, and lactic acidosis) and abnormal corporal fat distribution. Clinically, LS may manifest as three different forms: lipohipertrophy (accumulation of fat in the central part of the body), lipoatrophy (loss of fat in the extremities, face and buttocks) and mixed (lipohipertrophy + lipoatrophy). Although its physiopathology has not been elucidated, some mechanisms have been described, including leptin and adiponectin deficiency, mitochondrial dysfunction and use of antiretroviral drugs. The type, dose and duration of the antiretroviral treatment, as well as age and puberty are the main risk factors. LS is also associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular illnesses, atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus. Treatment includes physical activity, cautious restriction of caloric intake, changes in antiretroviral therapy, and use of insulin-sensitizing and lipid-lowering agents. Follow up must be periodic, consisting of measurement of body fat distribution, evaluation of the lipid profile and insulin resistance.

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Tendência da transmissão vertical de Aids após terapia anti-retroviral no Brasil

Abstract: The results obtained suggest a favorable response to the implementation of policies for the prevention of maternal-infant HIV transmission in Brazil, as observed in other parts of the world.

Cited by 54 publications

References 7 publications

Mother-to-child transmission of HIV: risk factors and missed opportunities for prevention among pregnant women attending health services in Goiânia, Goiás State, Brazil

Mother-to-child transmission of HIV: risk factors and missed opportunities for prevention among pregnant women attending health services in Goiânia, Goiás State, Brazil

Evaluation of preventive measures for mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Aracaju, State of Sergipe, Brazil

Lipodystrophic syndrome in children and adolescents infected with the human immunodeficiency virus

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