Pesticides and respiratory symptoms among farmers

Faria, Neice Müller Xavier; Facchini, Luiz Augusto; Fassa, Anaclaudia Gastal; Tomasi, Elaine

doi:10.1590/s0034-89102005000600016

Cited by 91 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Among chlorpyrifos manufacturing workers, the prevalence of asthma and other respiratory diseases (as classified by International Classification of Diseases, ninth revision [ICD-9], codes 490-496) was elevated (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 0.95-2.09), suggesting a potential association with asthma; however, because all ICD-9 codes were combined, the increased prevalence may be associated with some other respiratory disease in this category (e.g., chronic bronchitis) (19). Pesticide application was associated with asthma symptoms among Brazilian farmers, but there was no association with organophosphate insecticides or any other specific category of pesticide (20). We observed ORs greater than 2.0 for the most potent organophosphates (parathion, phorate, and coumaphos) for atopic asthma, and a somewhat weaker association with malathion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticides and Atopic and Nonatopic Asthma among Farm Women in the Agricultural Health Study

Hoppin

Umbach²,

London³

et al. 2008

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

143

113

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Rationale: Risk factors for asthma among farm women are understudied. Objectives: We evaluated pesticide and other occupational exposures as risk factors for adult-onset asthma. Methods: Studying 25,814 farm women in the Agricultural Health Study, we used self-reported history of doctor-diagnosed asthma with or without eczema and/or hay fever to create two case groups: patients with atopic asthma and those with nonatopic asthma. We assessed disease-exposure associations with polytomous logistic regression. Measurements and Main Results: At enrollment (1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997), 702 women (2.7%) reported a doctor's diagnosis of asthma after age 19 years (282 atopic, 420 nonatopic). Growing up on a farm (61% of all farm women) was protective for atopic asthma (odds ratio [OR], 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43-0.70) and, to a lesser extent, for nonatopic asthma (OR, 0.83; 95%CI, 0.68-1.02; P value for difference 5 0.008). Pesticide use was almost exclusively associated with atopic asthma. Any use of pesticides on the farm was associated only with atopic asthma (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.14-1.87). This association with pesticides was strongest among women who had grown up on a farm. Women who grew up on farms and did not apply pesticides had the lowest overall risk of atopic asthma (OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.27-0.62) compared with women who neither grew up on farms nor applied pesticides. A total of 7 of 16 insecticides, 2 of 11 herbicides, and 1 of 4 fungicides were significantly associated with atopic asthma; only permethrin use on crops was associated with nonatopic asthma. Conclusions: These findings suggest that pesticides may contribute to atopic asthma, but not nonatopic asthma, among farm women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticides and Atopic and Nonatopic Asthma among Farm Women in the Agricultural Health Study

Hoppin

Umbach²,

London³

et al. 2008

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

143

113

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“…These results differ from those of other studies, which showed that the prevalence of respiratory symptoms increases with age. (9,10) In addition to the healthy worker effect, this probably occurred because younger workers are more commonly In the course of their work activities, workers at ceramics manufacturing facilities are directly or indirectly exposed to various risk factors for respiratory diseases, among which are dust from the raw material or from the products manufactured and the chemical product (mold release agent), which is composed of olein dissolved in diesel fuel. A study of construction workers showed that the dust inhaled during working hours is solid particulate matter (respirable dust), which is known to cause severe respiratory damage, such as pneumoconiosis and lower airway involvement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sintomas respiratórios como indicadores de estado de saúde em trabalhadores de indústrias de cerâmicas

2011

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Objective: To assess the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and their association with sociodemographic variables and with the characteristics of the work environment. Methods: A cross-sectional study comprising 464 workers employed at ceramics manufacturing facilities located in the city of Várzea Grande, Brazil. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire comprising questions regarding sociodemographic variables, work environment characteristics, and respiratory symptoms. Data were analyzed by means of prevalence ratios and their respective 95% CIs between the dependent variable (respiratory symptoms) and the other explanatory variables. In the multivariate analysis, two hierarchical models were built, the response variables being "all respiratory symptoms" and "severe respiratory symptoms". Results: In the sample studied, the prevalence of "all respiratory symptoms" was 78%, whereas that of "severe respiratory symptoms" was 35%. The factors associated with "all respiratory symptoms" were gender, age bracket, level of education, type of occupation, exposure to dust, and exposure to chemical products. The factors associated with "severe respiratory symptoms" were level of education, exposure to dust, and exposure to chemical products. Conclusions: Our results indicate the presence of upper and lower airway disease in the population studied.Keywords: Questionnaires; Occupational diseases/epidemiology; Health status indicators. ResumoObjetivo: Analisar a prevalência de sintomas respiratórios e sua associação com as características sociodemográficas e do ambiente de trabalho. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 464 trabalhadores das indústrias de cerâmicas localizadas no município de Várzea Grande (MT). Para a coleta de dados, foi aplicado um questionário constituído de questões referentes às características sociodemográficas, ambiente de trabalho e sintomas respiratórios. Para a análise dos dados, foi utilizada a razão de prevalência e seu respectivo IC95% entre a variável dependente (sintomas respiratórios) e as demais variáveis explicativas. Na análise multivariada, foram construídos dois modelos hierárquicos, tendo como resposta as variáveis "sintomas respiratórios gerais" e "sintomas respiratórios graves". Resultados: Na população estudada, a prevalência de "sintomas respiratórios gerais" foi de 78%, e aquela de "sintomas respiratórios graves" foi de 35%. Os fatores associados a "sintomas respiratórios gerais" foram sexo, faixa etária, escolaridade, ocupação, exposição à poeira e exposição a produto químico. Os fatores associados a "sintomas respiratórios graves" foram escolaridade, exposição à poeira e exposição a produto químico. Conclusões: Os resultados apontam para a presença de doenças da via aérea superior e inferior na população estudada.Descritores: Questionários; Doenças profissionais/epidemiologia; Indicadores básicos de saúde.

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“…Today, Brazil is the world's largest consumer of pesticides. Brazilian rural workers are in contact with large amounts of pesticides (Faria et al, 2005;Faria, Rosa, Facchini, 2009). In developing countries, health problems related to pesticides are common due to low risk awareness among users, misuse of personal protective equipment, lack of care during application, use of highly toxic pesticides and scant mechanisms for health surveillance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide use and cholinesterase inhibition in small-scale agricultural workers in southern Brazil

Nerilo

Martins

Nerilo³

et al. 2014

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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A controlled cross-sectional study of family growers of fruit and vegetables was conducted between October 2009 and October 2010 to characterize the use of pesticides, establish the socio-demographic profile, and analyze cholinesterase activity in small-scale agricultural workers in Southern Brazil. Data was collected for 173 workers and 179 controls. A structured questionnaire was applied collecting socio-demographic information and determining knowledge and work practices in relation to pesticide use. The benchmarks for total cholinesterase (ChEs) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) were obtained from the average enzymatic activity of the occupationally unexposed group (control). The mean age of the exposed population was 40.0 ± 11.2 years. The symptoms differed significantly (p<0.05) between the exposed and unexposed populations. Forty (23.1%) workers showed symptoms associated with exposure to pesticides. The average value of enzymatic activity in the occupationally unexposed group for ChEs was 6.3 μmol/mL/min among males and 5.6 μmol/mL/min among females while for BuChE was 2.4 μmol/mL/min among males and 2.0 μmol/mL/min among females. Eight (4.6%) workers had high inhibition (>30%) of ChEs activity, whereas no workers showed high inhibition (>50%) of BuChE. Potential factors involved include gender, education, pesticide orientation, exposure, and hygiene measures.Uniterms: Pesticides/use. Pesticides/occupational exposure. Cholinesterase/evaluation/exposure to pesticides. Agricultural workers/exposure to pesticides. Environmental health. Brazil/southern/ environmental health.Realizou-se um estudo transversal controlado, com hortifruticultores, durante o período de outubro de 2009 a outubro de 2010, a fim de caracterizar o uso de praguicidas, estabelecer o perfil sócio demográfico e analisar a atividade das colinesterases em trabalhadores rurais do sul do Brasil. Os dados foram obtidos de 173 trabalhadores e 179 controles. Um formulário estruturado foi aplicado obtendo informações sócio demográficas, conhecimento e práticas de trabalho relacionadas com o uso de praguicidas. Os valores de referência para colinesterases totais (ChEs) e butirilcolinesterase (BuChE) foram obtidos a partir da média da atividade enzimática do grupo controle. A idade média da população exposta foi de 40,0±11,2 anos. Os sinais/sintomas foram significativamente diferentes (p<0,05) entre a população exposta e não exposta. Quarenta trabalhadores (23,1%) apresentaram sinais/sintomas relacionados com a exposição aos praguicidas. O valor médio do grupo controle foi de 6,3 μmol/mL/min para o gênero masculino e 5,6 μmol/mL/min para o gênero feminino na ChEs; 2,4 μmol/mL/min para o gênero masculino e 2,0 μmol/mL/min para o gênero feminino na BuChE. Do total de trabalhadores (n=173), 08 (4,6%) apresentaram inibição elevada (>30%) das atividades das ChEs, e para BuChE nenhum trabalhador apresentou alta inibição (>50%). Dentre os fatores que poderiam estar envolvidos destacam-se o gênero, escolaridade, orientação para trabalhar com praguicidas, e...

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Pesticides and respiratory symptoms among farmers

Cited by 91 publications

References 22 publications

Pesticides and Atopic and Nonatopic Asthma among Farm Women in the Agricultural Health Study

Pesticides and Atopic and Nonatopic Asthma among Farm Women in the Agricultural Health Study

Sintomas respiratórios como indicadores de estado de saúde em trabalhadores de indústrias de cerâmicas

Pesticide use and cholinesterase inhibition in small-scale agricultural workers in southern Brazil

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