Mortality from asthma in the state of S. Paulo, Brazil (1970-1992)

Abstract

Mortality from asthma has shown important variations over time in several countries. In Brazil, a mortality study performed in the 60s, covering the cities of S.Paulo and Ribeirão Preto, and other ten cities showed that S.Paulo presented the lowest death rate from asthma among of them all. It was decided to study the time trends of deaths from asthma and from the whole set of respiratory diseases from 1970 to 1992, in the population aged 15-34 yrs. old in the State of S.Paulo, as well as to compare them with those of other countries. Asthma mortality rates during the 23 years of observation since 1975, showed an oscillatory declining pattern with a peak of deaths in the initial years. The linearization of the curve allows the calculation of Pearson's correlation coefficient that was significantly negative, suggesting a decline in the mortality over this period, mainly in the 5-9 yrs. old and 30-34 yrs. old strata. The segmentation of data between the period of ICD-9, 1970 to 1978, and of ICD-9, 1979 and subsequent years, shows that there is stability within each period, in all age-groups, except for that of 5-9 yr. olds between 1970-1978. Comparing the rates of the population aged 15-34 yrs. old for the State of S. Paulo, Brazil, with trends observed in 14 other countries, an intermediate pattern for the first triennial period (1970)(1971)(1972) as well as for the subsequent triennial periods, emerges. A prevalence study of asthma, a follow up program meant for using emergency rooms and a surveillance of deaths due to all respiratory diseases and specifically to asthma are strongly recommended.Asthma, mortality . Mortality rate.

Agentes antiasmáticos modernos: antagonistas de receptores de leucotrienos cisteínicos

“…A constatação do crescimento no número de mortes associadas à asma (Figura 1) caracteriza a letalidade desta fisiopatologia [19][20][21][22][23][24] …”

“…: aná-logos do FPL 55712 (20); derivados estruturalmente relacionados ao LTD 4 (18); e análogos quimicamente não relacionados ao LTD 4 e/ou ao FPL 55712 96,97 .…”

“…Na tentativa de superar a baixa seletividade dos antagonistas análogos ao FPL 55712 (20), uma nova classe de derivados estruturalmente relacionados ao LTD 4 foi sintetizada e avaliada farmacologicamente, marcando o ínicio de uma nova abordagem no planejamento de antagonistas sintéticos de receptores CysLT 1 , constituindo-se na segunda geração de fármacos providos de atividade antagonista CysLT 1 .…”

“…A classe de derivados antagonista de receptores CysLT 1 estruturalmente não relacionados ao agonista natural, LTD 4 , ou ao protóti-po da primeira geração de fármacos sintéticos com propriedades antagonistas de receptores CysLT 1 (CysLTant), o FPL 55712 (20), engloba famílias de derivados amino-heterocíclicos contendo os nú-cleos indólico ou quinolínico e inclui a classe de fármacos antileucotrienos, recentemente aprovada pelo FDA para o tratamento da asma brônquica. Exemplos desta abordagem incluem o zafirlukast (7); montelukast (8); ritolukast (37) e verlukast (38) 42,104 .…”

Adesão ao tratamento de manutenção em asma (estudo ADERE)

“…(12)(13)(14)(15)(16) The present study aimed to evaluate, through the inclusion of patients from various medical centers across the country, the rate of compliance with maintenance preventive treatment dispensed by professionals among patients with moderate or severe persistent asthma.…”