Determinantes do hábito de fumar e de seu abandono durante a gestação em localidade urbana na região sul do Brasil

Abstract

HALAL, I. S. et al. Determinantes do hábito de fumar e de seu abandono durante a gestação em localidade urbana na região sul do Brasil. Rev. Saúde Pública, 27: 105-12, 1993. Foi realizado um estudo transversal, com 873 gestantes que freqüentaram o pré-natal em Pelotas (RS), em 1989-90, com o objetivo de investigar possíveis fatores de risco e fatores prognósticos para o tabagismo durante a gravidez. A prevalência no início da gravidez foi de 40,8%. O hábito de fumar da mãe da gestante e do marido e a baixa escolaridade da mulher estiveram associados com o risco de fumar no início da gravidez. O tabagismo do marido esteve associado com um aumento de cerca de duas vezes nesse risco. A taxa de abandono até a 15 a -22 a semana gestacional foi de 35,6%. A renda familiar, o hábito de fumar da mãe da gestante e do companheiro, a idade de início, duração e intensidade do hábito da mulher estiveram associados com a interrupção durante a gravidez. Os resultados acima permaneceram após ajuste para fatores de confusão, através de análise estratificada.

Factors Associated with Smoking in Pregnancy

“…Another study also found similar results, with a mean age of the pregnant women of 25.6 years, with the greater concentration in the age group 20-24 (8) . The percentage of 19.1% of puerpera smokers is higher than that found in the adult female population of southern Brazil according to the IBGE study (15.9%) (5) and greater than that found in Porto Alegre by the Brazilian Vigitel survey in 2008 (17.5%) (9) .…”

“…It is possible that this finding was not statistically significant due to sample size and the numerical differences between the groups, since other studies show an association between a low education level of pregnant women and smoking, along with less likelihood to smoke at the time of conception among women with higher education (8,11) .…”

“…Although there was no association between age of smoking commencement and cessation or continuity of smoking, other studies suggest that the later women start smoking, the more likely they are to stop during pregnancy (8,10) .…”

“…Several studies show that to have a partner that is a smoker is a major predictor of smoking at the time of conception (8,11) . This highlights the importance of including the partner in the prenatal care orientation.…”

Update and extension of the Brazil SimSmoke model to estimate the health impact of cigarette smoking by pregnant women in Brazil

“…Based on data from two earlier studies 26,27 , and previous analyses 23 , we estimate that 40% of women quit smoking during pregnancy. We also considered a lower bound where 30% quit at all ages, since the higher rate may reflect policies targeted at pregnant smokers implemented only after 2000 3 .…”