Diagnósticos de enfermagem em portadores da Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida

Abstract

RESUMO RESUMO RESUMO RESUMO RESUMOOs objetivos deste estudo foram identificar os diagnósticos de enfermagem mais freqüentes segundo a taxonomia II da NANDA em pacientes adultos portadores de HIV/aids e verificar com que freqüência as características definidoras, os fatores relacionados e de risco deram suporte para a elaboração destes. O levantamento dos dados foi realizado pelos pesquisadores nos 60 pacientes internados com HIV/aids e depois feita a verificação se os requisitos propostos pela NANDA para realização dos DE eram adequados. Foram selecionados 13 dos 38 diagnósticos com freqüência igual ou superior a 80%. Os resultados indicaram concordância e adequações para identificação. Porém, novos estudos serão necessários tanto para confirmação dos achados, assim como trazer novos conhecimentos ao assunto e estimular a pesquisa nesta população de pacientes. Descritores Descritores Descritores Descritores Descritores: Enfermagem; Diagnóstico de enfermagem; AIDS. ABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACTThis study aims at identifying the most frequent nursing diagnoses, according to the NANDA's taxonomy II in adult patients of HIV/ AIDS and to check how often the defining characteristics, the related factors and the risk factors provided support for their development. Data survey was conducted by researchers in the 60 patients admitted with HIV/aids, followed by the finding out whether the NANDA's proposed requirements to develop the Nursing Diagnoses were appropriate. From the 38 diagnoses, 13 diagnoses were chosen with a frequency equal or higher than 80%. Results pointed to agreement and appropriateness for identification. But new studies will be necessary either to acknowledge the findings and bring new knowledge to the topic as well, besides encouraging research with this patients' population. Descriptors: Descriptors: Descriptors: Descriptors: Descriptors: Nursing; Nursing diagnosis; AIDS. RESUMEN RESUMEN RESUMEN RESUMEN RESUMENLos objetivos del estudio fuerón identificar los diagnósticos de enfermería según la taxonomia de Nanda en pacientes adultos portadores de HIV/Sida y observar con que frecuencia las caracteristicas que son definidas por los factores relacionados pelos investigadores en los 60 pacientes internados con VIH/SIDA y despúes hecha la verificación de los requisitos propuestos en Nanda para realización de los diagnósticos de la enfermeria que eran adequados. Fuerón relacionados 13 de los 38 diagnósticos con frecuencia igual al superior de 80%. Los resultados indican concordancia y sentido para identificar. Pues nuevos estudios fuerón necesarios tanto para a confirmación de los hallazgos asin como traer nuevos conhecimentos sobre el asunto y estimular a investigación neste grupo de pacientes. Descriptores Descriptores Descriptores Descriptores Descriptores: Enfermería; Diagnóstico de enfermería; SIDA. 9 9 jan-fev jan-fev jan-fev jan-fev jan-fev; 6 ; 6 ; 6 ; 6 ; 62 2 2 2 2( ( ( ( (1 1 1 Submissão

Diagnósticos de enfermagem de pacientes internados em enfermaria de Moléstias Infecciosas

“…The nursing diagnosis "Risk for Infection", identified in 100% of the patients was found in this same frequency in another study carried out with patients with HIV/ AIDS in an admission Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Unit, in a public hospital in the city of São Paulo (18) , demonstrated by the following risk factors: invasive procedures, inadequate secondary defenses and immunosuppression (100%). The diagnosis was identified also in 100% of the patients admitted in the Gynecologic Oncology Ward (17) , and among the most frequent diagnosis in the study developed in Iceland (16) .…”

“…In the study with HIV/AIDS patients (18) , the diagnosis "Ineffective Protection" was identified in 100% of the patients, and the defining characteristics were: deficient immunity in 100%, dyspnea in 53.3%, disorientation in 45% and weakness and agitation in 31.6%, and the related factors were: altered blood profile, and immunological disorder (100%) and imbalanced nutrition (60%). This last finding draws attention because in the present study, 30% of the patients had medical diagnoses of HIV/AIDS or associated opportunistic diseases; whose main characteristic is immunological deficiency, however, the diagnosis "Ineffective Protection" was not made.…”

“…It is important to consider that the elements of the names of the (potential) risk diagnoses change if compared to the actual diagnoses. The defining characteristics are not necessary, because in risk diagnoses the signs and symptoms are not present and the data are incomplete (18) . In an actual diagnosis, the identification of the defining characteristics require more accurate skills in the clinical evaluation, and the risk diagnosis can be made based on the characteristics of a situation or the context involving the patient.…”

“…In the present study, it was observed that most diagnoses of "risk for infection" had as risk factors the "invasive procedures" and "hospital stay". These factors that put patients at risk make nurses suspect that diagnoses are possible (18) , and therefore, if they are well prepared they are important to design preventive actions.…”

Diagnósticos de enfermagem e seus componentes em pacientes com a síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida

“…In studies conducted with patients living with AIDS, this Nursing Diagnosis had a prevalence of 98% to 100%. (9,11) Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia were related to immunodeficiency, which have its cause in viral replication and in the HIV mechanism of action, since it binds to the cell surface and destroys T CD4 lymphocytes, increasing susceptibility to opportunistic infections. (12) It is noteworthy that the presentation of fatigue in these patients is probably a result of these cellular changes, particularly the decrease in red blood cells, which contributes to the condition of anemia and dyspnea and weakness symptoms felt by the individual.…”