A new dwarf species, new distribution records, and supplementary descriptive notes of the centipede genus Ityphilus Cook, 1899 (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha: Ballophilidae) from central Amazonia, Brazil

Abstract

A new dwarf species of the centipede genus Ityphilus Cook, 1899, named I. donatellae sp. nov. (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha: Ballophilidae) is hereby proposed on the basis of specimens from the vicinity of Manaus, Central Amazonia (Brazil), previously identified as Ityphilus calinus Chamberlin, 1957 (hereby designated holotype female, paratype male and paratype female). Supplementary morphological data and new illustrations are provided after this type material. The new species, characterized by having the internal edge of the forcipular tarsungulum serrate, is herein included in a key that will enable the identification of the 10 other Neotropical members of the genus Ityphilus sharing the same trait. New distribution records and supplementary descriptive notes for Ityphilus crabilli Pereira, Minelli & Barbieri, 1994, and Ityphilus demoraisi Pereira, Minelli & Barbieri, 1995 (including the first description of the male of the latter), are also given. Undiluted 2-Phenoxyethanol (CAS No. 122-99-6) has been used as an effective clearing agent/mounting medium for the preparation of temporary mounts of all body parts of the examined specimens.

A synopsis of centipedes in Brazilian caves: hidden species diversity that needs conservation (Myriapoda, Chilopoda)

“…A few early and mid-twentieth-century studies on Brazilian centipedes reported geophilomorphs (Brölemann 1909; Chamberlin 1914, Bücherl, 1940, 1942), but more recent studies tended to focus on Amazonian fauna (Calvanese and Brescovit 2017, Foddai et al 2002, Pereira 2012, 2013, Pereira et al 1994, 1995, 2000). The first geophilomorph records in Brazilian caves are from limestone caves in Mato Grosso do Sul (Dessen et al 1980) and São Paulo (Gnaspinni and Trajano 1994, Trajano 1987).…”

The phylogenetic position of Dinogeophilus and a new evolutionary framework for the smallest epimorphic centipedes (Chilopoda: Epimorpha)

“…Worth noting is that most of these cases are known within the Schendylidae, e.g. in the single species of Falcaryus Shinohara, 1970 and in some species of Ityphilus from South America (Shinohara, 1970;Pereira, 2012Pereira, , 2013b, but only weakly resembling those of Dinogeophilus. The peculiar denticles of Dinogeophilus may therefore represent an evolutionary novelty of this lineage.…”

Una nueva especie de ciempiés del género Ityphilus (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha: Ballophilidae) de Tamaulipas, México

“…11). Es posible que su afinidad geográfica sea a la zona neártica porque posee el borde interno de los tarsungula forcipulares liso, en lugar del borde interno aserrado observado en la mayoría de las especies neotropicales (Pereira, 2012).…”

“…Es muy poco lo que se conoce sobre el hábitat de las especies incluidas en el género Ityphilus; sin embargo, de las 21 especies de Ityphilus descritas para la región Neotropical, la mayoría se ha registrado en la Amazonia Central, un bosque lluvioso tropical (Pereira, 2013) con zonas inundables, pastizales transformados por el hombre, bosques altos no inundables (Adis, 2002), así como bosques secundarios (Pereira, 2012). En lo que se refiere a las 2 especies: I. lilacinus Cook, 1899 e I. cavernicolus (Matic et al, 1977), se encontraron en cuevas de Cuba; en cuanto a I. idanus Crabill, 1960, se registró en una cueva en Barbuda (Crabill, 1960;Matic et al, 1977).…”