A synopsis of centipedes in Brazilian caves: hidden species diversity that needs conservation (Myriapoda, Chilopoda)

Chagas, Amazonas; Bichuette, Maria Elina

doi:10.3897/zookeys.737.20307

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Cave biota are frequently identified as being highly diverse and specialised (e.g. troglobiont, eutroglophile, subtroglophile, and trogloxene) [6,7], and are known to show extreme endemism; a myriad of unknown species are often discovered [8][9][10]. This is also true for fungi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living in the dark: Bat caves as hotspots of fungal diversity

et al. 2020

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Bat caves are very special roosts that harbour thousands of bats of one or more species. Such sites may hold an incredible “dark fungal diversity” which is still underestimated. We explored the culturable fungal richness in the air, on bats, and in the guano in a bat cave in Brazil’s Caatinga dry forest. Fungal abundance was 683 colony-forming units (CFU) in the guano, 673 CFU in the air, and 105 CFU on the bats. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analysis of ITS, LSU, and TUB2 sequences, fungal isolates of 59 taxa belonging to 37 genera in the phyla Ascomycota (28 genera, including Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium, and Talaromyces), Basidiomycota (eight genera, including Rhodotorula and Schizophyllum), and Mucoromycota (only Rhizopus) were identified. The fungal richness in the air was 23 taxa (especially Aspergillus taxa), mainly found at 15 m and 45 m from the cave entrance; on the bodies of bats it was 36 taxa (mainly Aspergillus taxa), especially on their wing membranes (21 taxa, nine of which were exclusively found in this microhabitat); and in guano 10 fungal taxa (especially Aspergillus and Penicillium) were found. The fungal richness associated with guano (fresh and non-fresh) was similar from bats with different eating habits (insectivorous, frugivorous, and haematophagous). Sampling effort was not sufficient to reveal the total fungal taxa richness estimated. Eight (21.6%) of the 37 genera and 17 (53.1%) of the 32 identified fungal species are reported for the first time in caves. Our results highlight bat caves in Brazil as hotspots of fungal diversity, emphasizing the need to protect such special roosts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living in the dark: Bat caves as hotspots of fungal diversity

et al. 2020

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“…According to the CECAV/ICMbio database (CECAV 2020), Brazil has more than 22 000 caves, which hold a high taxonomic diversity (Gnaspini & Trajano 1994;Pinto-da-Rocha 1995;Gallão & Bichuette 2015Trajano et al 2016;Chagas-Jr & Bichuette 2018;Bichuette & Gallão 2021). Thus, our knowledge of the diversity of the terrestrial isopods from Brazilian caves is still far from complete.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron-isopods: new records and new species of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda, Oniscidea) from Brazilian Amazon iron ore caves

López-Orozco,

Campos-Filho,

Gallo

et al. 2024

EJT

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Abstract. Two new species of terrestrial isopods are described from iron ore caves in Brazil, within the Amazon biome, Circoniscus mendesi López-Orozco, Campos-Filho & Bichuette sp. nov. and C. xikrin López-Orozco, Campos-Filho & Carpio-Díaz sp. nov. (Scleropactidae). In addition, the knowledge of the distribution of Ctenorillo ferrarai Campos-Filho, Araujo & Taiti, 2014 (Armadillidae) is extended to Parauapebas, and Benthanoides tarzan Cardoso & Ferreira, 2023 to south area of the Campos Ferruginosos National Park, both in the State of Pará. Moreover, a distribution map and photographs of the species are given.

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“…Bats play a key role as sources of energy input into these subterranean environments through the deposition of guano (Pimentel et al., 2022), to the point of potentially bioengineering cave systems (Piló et al., 2023). Many organisms in these environments are functionally phylogenetically unique and have a high degree of endemism (Chagas & Bichuette, 2018; Zhang et al., 2018), relying on the injection of energy from the outside environment (Ferreira, 2019). The guano deposits in bat caves have also been linked to increases in the species richness and diversity of fungi (Cunha et al., 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective conservation of subterranean‐roosting bats

Meierhofer,

Johnson,

Perez‐Jimenez

et al. 2023

Conservation Biology

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Bats frequently inhabit caves and other subterranean habitats and play a critical role in subterranean food webs. With escalating threats to subterranean ecosystems, identifying the most effective measures to protect subterranean‐roosting bats is critical. We conducted a meta‐analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of conservation and management interventions for subterranean‐roosting bats. We used network analyses to determine to what extent interventions for bats overlap those used for other subterranean taxa. We conducted our analyses with data extracted from 345 papers recommending a total of 910 conservation interventions. Gating of roost entrances was applied to preserve bat populations in 21 studies, but its effectiveness was unclear. Habitat restoration and disturbance reduction positively affected bat populations and bat behavior, respectively, in ≤4 studies. Decontamination was assessed in 2 studies and positively affected bat populations, particularly in studies focused on reducing fungal spores associated with white‐nose syndrome in North America. Monitoring of bat populations as an effective conservation strategy was unclear and infrequently tested. Only 4% of bat studies simultaneously considered other subterranean organisms. However, effective interventions for bat conservation had similarities with all other organisms. If other subterranean organisms are considered when applying interventions to conserve bats, they might also benefit.

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A synopsis of centipedes in Brazilian caves: hidden species diversity that needs conservation (Myriapoda, Chilopoda)

Cited by 14 publications

References 34 publications

Living in the dark: Bat caves as hotspots of fungal diversity

Living in the dark: Bat caves as hotspots of fungal diversity

Iron-isopods: new records and new species of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda, Oniscidea) from Brazilian Amazon iron ore caves

Effective conservation of subterranean‐roosting bats

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