Associação entre violência doméstica na gestação e peso ao nascer ou prematuridade

Abstract

Objective: To investigate whether domestic violence during pregnancy is associated with unfavorable infant health outcomes, measured by low birth weight or prematurity. Methods:This was a prospective cohort study enrolling pregnant women whose prenatal care was provided by 10 basic health units in the city of Campinas, SP, Brazil, between 2004 and. A structured questionnaire was employed that had previously been validated for use in Brazil. Each mother attended a minimum of two and a maximum of three interviews during the prenatal and postnatal periods. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Student's t test was used to compare means for birth weight and gestational age between mothers who had suffered domestic violence during the current pregnancy and those who had not. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with low birth weight or prematurity.Results: During the prenatal and postnatal periods, 89.1% (n = 1,229) of the pregnant women were followed up, 10.9% being lost to follow-up, basically due to changes of address. Mean birth weight was 3,233 g; mean gestational age was 38.56 weeks. A total of 13.8% of the infants had low birth weight or were premature. Conditions associated with risk of low birth weight or prematurity were: mothers who had previously given birth prematurely (p < 0.005), who smoked (p < 0.001), who delivered by caesarian (p < 0.001) and whose partners had a low educational level (p < 0.008). Conclusions:In this study, no statistically significant association was observed between domestic violence perpetrated by partners and low birth weight or prematurity.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2008;84(1):60-67: Cohort studies, low birth weight newborn infants, premature newborn infants, domestic violence and pregnancy.

Physical intimate partner violence and low birth weight in newborns from primary health care units of the city of Rio de Janeiro

“…On the other hand, Durant & Schraiber 26 studied users of health services in São Paulo and found that 20.0% of 1,922 respondents had been victims of some type of violence (physical, psychological, sexual) during pregnancy. Moreover, in a cohort study with 1,229 women and newborns, Audi et al 12 found a 19.28% prevalence of violence. The populations of these studies were diverse, different types of violence were investigated, and different instruments were used for the measurements, therefore making comparisons difficult.…”

“…Although this relationship has been studied for some time, the results are still inconclusive. Some authors report no association 11,12 , while others report a higher risk of LBW in children of women who had been exposed to violence [13][14][15] . In an attempt to contribute to the discussion about this relationship, the present study investigated the role of Physical Intimate Partner Violence (PIPV) on low birth weight.…”

Prevalência de violência por parceiro íntimo relatada por puérperas

“…(16,20,21,24) Both Brazilian and international studies show high rates of intimate partner violence. (6,7,21,23,25) The episodes of violence can be severe, recurrent, and overlapping. In general, different types of abuse coexist in the same relationship, in accordance with the results of this study.…”

Fatores de risco do baixo peso ao nascer nos municípios de Juazeiro (BA) e Petrolina (PE)

“…Alguns estudos indicam a associação entre as variáveis supracitadas e o baixo peso 16,17 . Conforme Audi e colaboradores 18 , as mulheres, cujos companheiros trabalham em categorias profissionais que exigem menor nível de escolaridade, a exemplo do setor agropecuário, são mais propensas a terem filhos com BPN.…”

“…É possível que esse dado tenha sido distorcido, vez que era necessário um recordatório da mãe sobre o peso de filhos de gestações anteriores. Pois, a literatura demonstra que as mulheres com filhos de baixo peso em gestações anteriores, têm maiores chances do evento se repetir no futuro 18,20 . As mulheres com filhos que nascem com baixo peso, devem ter uma assistência pré-natal diferenciada com o intuito de reduzir o desfecho BPN.…”