Frutificação no cafeeiro

Abstract

Realizaram-se contagens de frutos novos de café logo após o florescimento, em novembro, e de frutos completamente desenvolvidos, em fevereiro do ano seguinte, a fim de calcular as porcentagens de "pegamento" dos frutos, em alguns canteiros de um. ensaio de adubação, que haviam recebido combinações de adubo mineral e orgânico. As determinações foram feitas para as posições alta, média e inferior de cada planta, e o resultado médio foi correlacionado com os elementos usados na adubação e também com a produção das plantas. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que o fósforo, combinado com o estêrco, contribuiu para aumentar 3,5% à porcentagem de pegamento em relação à adubação sòmente com estêrco, e que o potássio também contribuiu com um aumento de 8,1% em relação às plantas que não receberam êste elemento. O pegamento dos frutos na. parte superior das plantas mostrou-se maior do que nas partes média e inferior. Verificou-se, ainda, que a porcentagem de pegamento geral, a qual é de cerca de 50%, é independente da produtividade das plantas.

Ecophysiology of coffee growth and production

“…Apart from any effect of floral atrophy, fruits will not develop if a viable embryo sac is not formed, pollination does not occur or, after pollination, if the normal process of fertilisation is affected in any way (Huxley and Ismail, 1969). Fruit set is also affected by environmental factors such as heavy rains both during flower expansion (Huxley and Ismail, 1969) and at anthesis (Awatramani and Satyanarayana, 1973), mineral nutrition (Meza, 1981;Reis and Arruda, 1956), and sudden temperature drops (Meza, 1981). In addition to varying with species and cultivars (Srinivasan, 1972), fruit set also depends on the flower position on the plant (Reis and Arruda, 1956): the higher the branch position the greater the percentage of fruit set.…”

Effect of 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid applied as a herbicide on fruit shedding and coffee yield

“…FS was not affected ( P > 0.05) by 2,4‐D application time (Table 1), and the mean value for FS was 0.43 (Table 2). In Brazilian plantations of Arabica coffee, fruit drop about 0.51 (Reis & Arruda, 1956) and about 0.71 (Nacif, 1997) were observed in 1955 and 1996 respectively. The latter was probably a result of a heavy crop occurring in the previous year.…”

“…However, at time 2, almost all the fruit were at the pinhead stage. According to Reis and Arruda (1956), a lower percentage of fruit drop could be recorded if the initial count of the number of fruits per branch was accomplished immediately after flower abscission, compared with counts before flower abscission during the early flower development periods. Apart from any effect of floral atrophy that could severely reduce fruit set, fruits will not develop if: a viable embryo sac is not formed, pollination does not occur or, after pollination, if the normal process of fertilization is affected in any way (Huxley & Ismail, 1969).…”

“…Several factors affect fruit set including both leaf (Rao & Setly, 1953; Phillips, 1970) and flower number (Raju et al. , 1975), carbohydrate supply (Cannell, 1971) and flower position on the plant (Reis & Arruda, 1956). In the latter case, fruit set was greater in the upper branches than in the lower ones.…”