Performance patterns in Conners' CPT among children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and dyslexia

Abstract

This study investigated the performance of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and dyslexia using Conners' Continuous Performance Test (CCPT). The clinical groups were composed of 52 children with ADHD and 32 children with dyslexia. Performance in the CCPT was evaluated using ANCOVA to compare the clinical groups with the normative Brazilian sample. The ADHD group performed worse than the normative sample in almost all of the measurements, except for reaction time and response style. The dyslexia group scored higher on commissions, variability, perseverations and inconsistency in the reaction time over the six time blocks (Hit SE Block Change) than the children in the normative Brazilian sample. The ADHD and dyslexia groups differed in omission measurements, Hit RT SE, variability, perseverations, Hit RT Interstimulus Intervals (ISI) Change and Hit SE ISI Change. We thus found that the dyslexia group had specific deficit patterns, with greater response to non-target stimuli, greater perseveration and response variability, and difficulties in hit reaction time as the test progressed.Key words: Conners' Continuous Performance Test, child development, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, learning disorders, dyslexia. REsumo O presente estudo investigou o desempenho de crianças com transtorno do déficit de atenção e hiperatividade (TDAH) e dislexia no Teste de Desempenho Contínuo de Conner (do inglês Conners' Continnuous Performance Test).Foram considerados dois grupos clínicos: 52 crianças com TDAH e 32 com dislexia. O desempenho no CCPT foi analisado por meio do teste ANCOVA, comparando os grupos clínicos com a amostra de normatização brasileira. O grupo TDAH teve pior desempenho que os controles em quase todas as medidas, exceto em medidas de tempo de reação e estilo de resposta. Já o grupo dislexia teve maiores escores em comissões, variabilidade, perseverações e inconsistência nas mudanças de tempo de reação no decorrer dos seis blocos de tempo (Hit SE Block Change). Os grupos TDAH e disléxicos diferiram entre si nas medidas de omissões, variabilidade do tempo de reação, perseverações, mudança de tempo de reação por intervalos interstimulus. Verificou-se assim que as crianças com dislexia apresentam padrões específicos de déficits, com maior resposta aos estímulos não alvos, maior perseveração e variabilidade de respostas, assim como dificuldades no tempo de reação conforme o desenvolvimento do teste.Palavras-Chave: Teste de Desempenho Contínuo de Conner, desenvolvimento infantil, transtorno do déficit de atenção e hiperatividade, transtornos de aprendizagem, dislexia.

Attention-based classification pattern, a research domain criteria framework, in youths with bipolar disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

“…This characteristic has been observed in ADHD relatives (Bidwell et al, 2007;Kuntsi et al, 2010Kuntsi et al, , 2013, persisted Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry even in clinically remitted young adults (Halperin et al, 2008) and is associated with significant impairment (Flory et al, 2006). Our results are also consistent with Miranda et al (2012). Several theories have been proposed such as insufficient suppression of the default mode network (Sonuga-Barke and Castellanos, 2007), subcortical mediated problems in state regulation (Sergeant et al, 2003), deficit in motor timing (Rubia et al, 2001), among others.…”

Neural dysfunction in ADHD with Reading Disability during a word rhyming Continuous Performance Task

“…The poorer performance is in line with decoding (Table 1) and processing speed impairments reported for ADHD/+RD (Christopher et al, 2012;McGrath et al, 2011). However, similar variance of mean Hit RT further suggests comparable levels of attentional engagement throughout the task (cf., Kofler et al, 2013;Miranda et al, 2012).…”

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and dyslexia: a history of overlap

“…There are propositions that dyslexia might be related to underlying deficits in attention shifting 5 . The study published in the current issue of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria by Miranda et al 6 contributes to this field. With the aim of investigating the performance parameters of children with dyslexia (32), children with ADHD (52) and control children (475), using the Conners' Continuous Performance Test, they found some overlapping as both show failure in inhibitory control.…”

“…In summary, Miranda et al 6 advance in understanding the differences and similarities of both disorders in children, as put forward by Dhar et …”