Translational research into gut microbiota: new horizons in obesity treatment

Tsukumo, Daniela Miti Lemos; Carvalho, Bruno; Carvalho-Filho, Marco Antônio de; Saad, Mário J.A.

doi:10.1590/s0004-27302013000900014

Cited by 20 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Recent research suggests that disruption of the human microbiome may play a crucial role in diabetes (Burcelin et al, 2009), skin diseases (Grice et al, 2008), obesity (Backhed et al, 2004;Ley et al, 2005Ley et al, , 2006Turnbaugh et al, 2006;Cani and Delzenne, 2009;Tsukumo et al, 2009;Turnbaugh and Gordon, 2009) and a range of 'immuno-pathologic' conditions including inflammatory bowel diseases (Moore and Moore, 1995;Powrie and Uhlig, 2004;Rakoff-Nahoum et al, 2004;RakoffNahoum and Medzhitov, 2006). Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignancy within the western countries and is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States (Jemal et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased rectal microbial richness is associated with the presence of colorectal adenomas in humans

Sanapareddy

Legge

Jovov³

et al. 2012

The ISME Journal

182

161

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Differences in the composition of the gut microbial community have been associated with diseases such as obesity, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer (CRC). We used 454 titanium pyrosequencing of the V1-V2 region of the 16S rRNA gene to characterize adherent bacterial communities in mucosal biopsy samples from 33 subjects with adenomas and 38 subjects without adenomas (controls). Biopsy samples from subjects with adenomas had greater numbers of bacteria from 87 taxa than controls; only 5 taxa were more abundant in control samples. The magnitude of the differences in the distal gut microbiota between patients with adenomas and controls was more pronounced than that of any other clinical parameters including obesity, diet or family history of CRC. This suggests that sequence analysis of the microbiota could be used to identify patients at risk for developing adenomas.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased rectal microbial richness is associated with the presence of colorectal adenomas in humans

Sanapareddy

Legge

Jovov³

et al. 2012

The ISME Journal

182

161

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These include assistance in cellulose digestion and energy capture from ingested food, direct and indirect defense against intestinal pathogens, local and systemic immune response modulation and tolerance, development and reinforcement of the intestinal barrier, and synthesis of vitamins and many other substances useful for the host (Fig. 1) [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Intestinal Microbiota on Body Weight Gain: a Narrative Review of the Literature

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent decades, experimental and clinical studies have associated the development of obesity with the composition of the gut microbiota. Mechanisms potentially involved in the contribution of gut microbiota to body weight gain include changes in energy extraction from the diet and the modulation of lipid metabolism, endocrine functions, and the immune system. The host's specific genetic heritage, the type and amount of food intake, chronic inflammation, reduced body energy expenditure, and exposure to obesogenic pollutants are also potential contributing factors. The pathophysiological processes involved in the relationship between gut microbiota and obesity are not fully understood, and further studies are needed to establish whether differences in gut bacterial diversity between obese and normal body weight individuals are the cause or a consequence of obesity.

show abstract

“…Gut Permeability and Obesity J Gastrointest Disord Liver Func | volume 2: issue 1 how energy could be used or stored and the modulation of LPS levels that leads to a chronic local and systemic subclinical inflammation, to a prolonged time in gut transit time and also to an altered permeability of the intestinal epithelium [5,23,24] . All of these mechanisms would converge to increase the likelihood of developing obesity among individuals who show higher gut permeability that would enable LPS to cross the gut barrier in great amounts and reach the blood stream, causing low grade systemic inflammation, a subsequent altered regulation of energy metabolism and hunger-satiety homeostasis and weight gain.…”

Section: The Endocannabinoid Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, Intestinal Gut Barrier and Microbiota: an Emerging Frontier on Energy Metabolism

Kraemer‐Aguiar¹

2016

JGDLF

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background & Aims:An increasing interest in demonstrating differences between intestinal microbiota of obese and lean individuals has been observed during the last decade. The gut microbiota has been related to a number of metabolic abnormalities that could be associated not only to the pathophysiology of obesity, but also to several other highly prevalent diseases.As researches had shown differences in the prevalence of different bacteria in the gut of these individuals much importance has been given to microbiota composition along intestinal tract. However, few studies have related these findings to changes in the morphological and functional features of the intestinal epithelium.The intestinal barrier is a complex system and its integrity is essential to prevent against the entrance of harmful microorganisms or molecules to enter the bloodstream, such as LPS (bacterial lipopolysaccharide), a well-known trigger of the low grade inflammatory status. Increased intestinal permeability is one of the proposed mechanisms linking the gut microbiota with metabolic dysfunction, but there are few available data to define which one would be the cause or consequence. This review aims to show the current knowledge about the association between intestinal permeability in obesity and alterations in gut microbiota, in order to bring up a new vision of the pathophysiology of obesity and possibly promote future studies to better elucidate it. Methods: Pub Med searches were performed using terms "microbiota", "gut permeability" and "obesity". Articles related to intestinal permeability were selected. Results: Hyperactivation of endogenous cannabinoid system appears to augment gut permeability to LPS which, in turn, seems to enhance chronic inflammation status found in obesity state. Gut microbiota may play an important role in this process, through the regulation of the local immune system and also by regulating the amount of LPS which crosses the gut barrier. Conclusions: Lypopolyssacharide, endocanabinoid system and gut microbiota seem to play an important role in the development of obesity and emerge as a possible target for the treatment of obesity and correlated diseases.

show abstract

Translational research into gut microbiota: new horizons in obesity treatment

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Increased rectal microbial richness is associated with the presence of colorectal adenomas in humans

Increased rectal microbial richness is associated with the presence of colorectal adenomas in humans

Influence of Intestinal Microbiota on Body Weight Gain: a Narrative Review of the Literature

Obesity, Intestinal Gut Barrier and Microbiota: an Emerging Frontier on Energy Metabolism

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About