Reproductive physiology, and physical and sexual development of female offspring born to diabetic dams

Spadotto, Raquel; Damasceno, Débora Cristina; Godinho, Antonio Francisco; Amorim, Elaine Manoela Porto; Perobelli, Juliana Elaine; Kempinas, Wilma De Grava

doi:10.1590/s0004-27302012000200002

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In the present study, it was found that the body mass of offspring was significantly decreased in the GDM group, not only at PND 3, but also at 14.5 dpc. This is consistent with the results of previous studies, which showed that low birth weight occurred frequently in STZ-induced diabetes ( 9 , 10 ). The present study also found that the development of ovarian tissues in offspring was delayed by at least 1 day in the GDM group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…As the normal initiation of meiosis is important for oocyte growth and folliculogenesis, the reduced expression of these genes may result in the decreased number of primordial follicles. This was supported by the data obtained in the present study, which showed that the number of primordial/primary follicles was reduced in the GDM group, and data reported in a previous study ( 10 ). Of note, the present study found that the number of secondary follicles was increased in the GDM group, suggesting risk of early activation of the follicle pool and premature ovarian failure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The IUGR induced by diabetes adversely affects the development of several organs postnatally ( 15 – 17 ). Previous studies have also revealed that the reproductive function of offspring is impaired by maternal diabetes ( 9 , 10 ). However, few studies have investigated the association between maternal diabetes and the initiation of meiosis in female offspring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In male offspring, maternal diabetes causesdecreases in testis weight, numbers of mature spermatids and daily sperm production ( 9 ). Female offspring of diabetic rats have been shown to exhibit decreased ovary weight, follicle number and reproductive performance ( 10 ). However, the effect of GDM on the initiation of meiosis remains to be fully elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal diabetes impairs the initiation of meiosis in murine female germ cells

Qiu

et al. 2017

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by an initial diagnosis of glucose intolerance during pregnancy. There is increasing evidence supporting the association between GDM and the inhibited development of several organs in offspring. In the present study, a murine GDM model was established in mice by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to evaluate the effect of maternal diabetes on the initiation of meiosis in female germ cells of offspring. The effect of GDM on the initiation of meiosis in the offspring was evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The results showed that, compared with the control group, fetal ovary growth was inhibited, the expression levels of meiosis-specific genes, stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8, synaptonemal complex protein, and DNA meiotic recombinase were inhibited, and the number of primordial/primary follicles was reduced in the GDM group. These may have been induced by an increase of apoptosis and inhibition of growth, as the mRNA levels of p21, a vital G1 cell cycle inhibitor, and apoptotic genes were upregulated, whereas the expression levels of genes important in folliculogenesis were decreased in the GDM group. In conclusion, the data obtained in the present study suggested that maternal diabetes may impair the initiation of meiosis and ovarian growth via growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest and the induction of apoptosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Maternal diabetes impairs the initiation of meiosis in murine female germ cells

Qiu

et al. 2017

Molecular Medicine Reports

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“…, 26 In rats, in utero exposure to maternal diabetes has been associated with the development of a salt-sensitive systolic hypertension and with a decrease in renal function in adulthood 27 . GDM has also adversely affected the reproductive functions in female offspring of rats 28 as well as male offspring in humans 29 30 Few studies have demonstrated the effects of maternal diabetes on male reproductive functions in animals and none of these studies has been able to show the critical period during which maternal hyperglycemia is likely to cause this type of programming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal hyperglycemia at different stages of gestation and its effects on male reproductive functions in rats

Akindele

Kunle-Alabi

Udofia

et al. 2015

J Dev Orig Health Dis

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The critical period during which maternal hyperglycemia predisposes offspring to develop reproductive disorders in adult life is not known. The relationship between maternal hyperglycemia at different stages and reproductive functions of male offspring was investigated. A single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (90 mg/kg body weight) was administered at gestation days (GD) 1, 8 and 15. Animals were subsequently given 10% glucose solution daily as drinking water until parturition. All male pups were sacrificed on the 63rd day of postnatal life. Birth weight, anogenital distance index (AGDi), testes descent day, preputial separation day, sperm profile, serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels and the histology of the testis were assessed. Data significance test was based on 95% confidence interval. GD1 pups showed a significant increase in mean birth weight, whereas GD8 pups and GD15 pups had significantly reduced birth weight as compared with control. AGDi was significantly increased in GD8 and GD15 pups. Testes descent and preputial separation in all the experimental groups were significantly earlier. There was a significant reduction in sperm count and viability in GD8 offspring. Sperm motility was reduced in all test groups. Testosterone level was reduced in all test groups. Histology of the testis showed varying degrees of pathologies. It was deduced from this study that maternal hyperglycemia caused alterations in reproductive functions in male offspring of Wistar rats irrespective of the period of gestation involved, although GD8 pups were most severely affected.

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Effects of Maternal Flaxseed Supplementation on Female Offspring of Diabetic Rats in Serum Concentration of Glucose, Insulin, and Thyroid Hormones

Suzuki

Correia-Santos

Vicente

et al. 2019

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research

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Abstract. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of maternal consumption of flaxseed flour and oil on serum concentrations of glucose, insulin, and thyroid hormones of the adult female offspring of diabetic rats. Methods: Wistar rats were induced to diabetes by a high-fat diet (60%) and streptozotocin (35 mg/kg). Rats were mated and once pregnancy was confirmed, were divided into the following groups: Control Group (CG): casein-based diet; High-fat Group (HG): high-fat diet (49%); High-fat Flaxseed Group (HFG): high-fat diet supplemented with 25% flaxseed flour; High-fat Flaxseed Oil group (HOG): high-fat diet, where soya oil was replaced with flaxseed oil. After weaning, female pups (n = 6) from each group were separated, received a commercial rat diet and were sacrificed after 180 days. Serum insulin concentrations were determined by ELISA, the levels of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were determined by chemiluminescence. Results: There was a significant reduction in body weight at weaning in HG (−31%), HFG (−33%) and HOG (44%) compared to CG (p = 0.002), which became similar by the end of 180 days. Blood glucose levels were reduced in HFG (−10%, p = 0.044) when compared to CG, and there was no significant difference between groups in relation to insulin, T3, T4, and TSH after 180 days. Conclusions: Maternal severe hyperglycemia during pregnancy and lactation resulted in a microsomal offspring. Maternal consumption of flaxseed reduces blood glucose levels in adult offspring without significant effects on insulin levels and thyroid hormones.

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Reproductive physiology, and physical and sexual development of female offspring born to diabetic dams

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Maternal diabetes impairs the initiation of meiosis in murine female germ cells

Maternal diabetes impairs the initiation of meiosis in murine female germ cells

Maternal hyperglycemia at different stages of gestation and its effects on male reproductive functions in rats

Effects of Maternal Flaxseed Supplementation on Female Offspring of Diabetic Rats in Serum Concentration of Glucose, Insulin, and Thyroid Hormones

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