Presence of ankyloglossia and breastfeeding in babies born in Lima, Peru: a longitudinal study

Abstract

Purpose: to evaluate the lingual frenulum and breastfeeding in infants from a maternal-perinatal referral center, as well as to monitor infants with ankyloglossia up to six months of age. Methods: a cohort study conducted at the Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal - Maternidad de Lima in Lima, Peru. The consecutive intentional sample consisted of 304 newborns and their respective mothers, evaluated during December 2017 and January 2018, which were the baseline of the study. A clinical evaluation of the lingual frenulum adapted and the Clinical Evaluation of Breastfeeding Efficacy (CEBE) scale, was performed. Results: of the 304 newborns, 15 (4.9%) were considered with altered frenulum, and only 4 (26.7%) presented a low score in CEBE. The mean of the CEBE score was 9.3. (DP=1.35, Min=3, Max=10). Of the follow-up infants, only 2 (13.3%) persisted with breastfeeding difficulties for which frenotomy was indicated. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the low prevalence of ankyloglossia in infants, as it does not indicate a trend of difficulty or negative interference in breastfeeding.

Severity and prevalence of ankyloglossia‐associated breastfeeding symptoms: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…After automated duplicate removal, 1328 records were screened, and 39 studies were included in the systematic review (Figure 1). 16,17,27–63 The studies included 5730 infants with ankyloglossia. Meta‐analyses used data from 16 studies 27–42 …”

“…Table 1 summarises study characteristics; Table S2 provides individual characteristics of all included studies 16,17,27–63 . The systematic review included 5 randomised controlled trials (RCTs), 19 pre‐post intervention studies, 10 observational cohort and cross‐sectional studies, 2 case–control studies, and 3 qualitative studies.…”

Prevalence of developmental anomalies among infants 0-12 months in Mehsana district, north Gujarat, India

“…The prevalence of TT in present study was 5.2% which is higher as compared to the study conducted in India was 0.52%, in Sweden 2.5%, in Korea 1.5%, in Peru 4.93%. 1,[28][29][30] Also lesser when compared to study reported in India 17.7%, in UK 10.7%, in US 9%, in Spain 46.3%. 15,[31][32][33] In the present study, TT prevalence was high among 0-3 months age group subjects (84%) as compared to age group 4-7 months and 8-12 months which was statistically highly significant.…”

“…34 Rech et al demonstrated 4.93% case of TT, among them only 26.7% presented difficulties with breastfeeding in the first hours of life and only 13.3% persisted having difficulties in breastfeeding throughout the months, and were referred for frenotomy. 30 Kotlow defined the "lip-tie" as the problematic frenulum (the "lip-tie") that prevented the newborn from successfully latching by preventing the top lip from flanging around the nipple. His grading system for lip-tie severity has been employed as a clinical consideration in the decision to release.…”