Bilinguismo e reconhecimento de fala no silêncio e no ruído em adultos

Ferreira, Geise Corrêa; Torres, Enma Mariángel Ortiz; Garcia, Michele Vargas; Santos, Sinéia Neujahr dos; Costa, Maristela Júlio

doi:10.1590/2317-1782/20192018217

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…Finally, there was an effect of multilingualism on speech intelligibility in the noisiest session, and it can be concluded that subjects who speak more than one language decode the speech signals better. This is in accordance with previous literature demonstrating that bilingual individuals have more developed executive functions of inhibitory control, attention, and memory, compared to monolingual individuals (11) . These subjects have greater sensitivity to audiovisual speech stimuli and greater accuracy in phoneme perception, which consequently leads to a greater activation of speech-related neuronal networks (10)(11)(12) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This is in accordance with previous literature demonstrating that bilingual individuals have more developed executive functions of inhibitory control, attention, and memory, compared to monolingual individuals (11) . These subjects have greater sensitivity to audiovisual speech stimuli and greater accuracy in phoneme perception, which consequently leads to a greater activation of speech-related neuronal networks (10)(11)(12) . It is therefore hypothesized that the benefit observed here was related to improved executive function in general, and phoneme processing ability in particular, in those who speak more than one language.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Some studies report that this occurs due to the determining parameter for speech recognition in silence, which is the threshold of audibility. In noisy situations, bilinguals show better results and this can be explained by the fact that the executive functions of inhibitory control, attention and memory are more evident in these individuals ( 11 ) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multisensory effects of mask wearing on speech intelligibility and the benefit of multilingualism

Ponte,

Melo,

Duarte

et al. 2024

CoDAS

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Purpose Due to the pandemic of the Covid-19 disease, it became common to wear masks on some public spaces. By covering mouth and nose, visual-related speech cues are greatly reduced, while the auditory signal is both distorted and attenuated. The present study aimed to analyze the multisensory effects of mask wearing on speech intelligibility and the differences in these effects between participants who spoke 1, 2 and 3 languages. Methods The study consisted of the presentation of sentences from the SPIN test to 40 participants. Participants were asked to report the perceived sentences. There were four conditions: auditory with mask; audiovisual with mask; auditory without mask; audiovisual without mask. Two sessions were conducted, one week apart, each with the same stimuli but with a different signal-to-noise ratio. Results Results demonstrated that the use of the mask decreased speech intelligibility, both due to a decrease in the quality of auditory stimuli and due to the loss of visual information. Signal-to-noise ratio largely affects speech intelligibility and higher ratios are needed in mask-wearing conditions to obtain any degree of intelligibility. Those who speak more than one language are less affected by mask wearing, as are younger listeners. Conclusion Wearing a facial mask reduces speech intelligibility, both due to visual and auditory factors. Older people and people who only speak one language are affected the most.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Multisensory effects of mask wearing on speech intelligibility and the benefit of multilingualism

Ponte,

Melo,

Duarte

et al. 2024

CoDAS

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Development of Singapore English speech audiometry test materials

Chue,

Soh,

Mohamed Alias

et al. 2024

Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare

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Background Speech audiometry is utilised for diagnostic and rehabilitative purposes. Speech audiometry involves materials linguistic in nature. The ideal protocol is to have a tester who is a native or at least a fluent speaker of that language to conduct the test on a native listener. Except for a set of psychometrically equivalent word recordings that have yet to be validated, no other existing speech audiometry materials have been developed in Singapore English. Objective This study aims to develop and validate a local set of phonemically balanced English word lists for use on Singaporeans. Methods The first phase encompassed the development of spondaic and phonemically-balanced monosyllabic word lists for Speech Reception Threshold (SRT) and Word Recognition Score (WRS) testing. The second phase established perceptual equivalence across the monosyllabic word lists. The third phase encompassed the validation of these materials on 72 normal-hearing and hearing-impaired Singaporeans between 21 to 80 years old. Participants were tested with two spondaic and six monosyllabic word lists. Participants’ SRT and WRS values were analysed. Results The mean SRT and pure tone audiometry (PTA) average difference was 5.79 dB. All 43 normal-hearing participants achieved a maximum WRS of 100%, at an average presentation level of 28.1 dB above their PTA average. Test-retest analysis revealed clinically insignificant differences across all word lists. Conclusion The test materials are validated to be suitable for testing on Singaporean English speakers. Normative SRT and WRS data for Singaporeans have also been established.

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Age of Acquisition Modulates Alpha Power During Bilingual Speech Comprehension in Noise

et al. 2022

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Research on bilingualism has grown exponentially in recent years. However, the comprehension of speech in noise, given the ubiquity of both bilingualism and noisy environments, has seen only limited focus. Electroencephalogram (EEG) studies in monolinguals show an increase in alpha power when listening to speech in noise, which, in the theoretical context where alpha power indexes attentional control, is thought to reflect an increase in attentional demands. In the current study, English/French bilinguals with similar second language (L2) proficiency and who varied in terms of age of L2 acquisition (AoA) from 0 (simultaneous bilinguals) to 15 years completed a speech perception in noise task. Participants were required to identify the final word of high and low semantically constrained auditory sentences such as “Stir your coffee with a spoon” vs. “Bob could have known about the spoon” in both of their languages and in both noise (multi-talker babble) and quiet during electrophysiological recording. We examined the effects of language, AoA, semantic constraint, and listening condition on participants’ induced alpha power during speech comprehension. Our results show an increase in alpha power when participants were listening in their L2, suggesting that listening in an L2 requires additional attentional control compared to the first language, particularly early in processing during word identification. Additionally, despite similar proficiency across participants, our results suggest that under difficult processing demands, AoA modulates the amount of attention required to process the second language.

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Bilinguismo e reconhecimento de fala no silêncio e no ruído em adultos

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Multisensory effects of mask wearing on speech intelligibility and the benefit of multilingualism

Multisensory effects of mask wearing on speech intelligibility and the benefit of multilingualism

Development of Singapore English speech audiometry test materials

Age of Acquisition Modulates Alpha Power During Bilingual Speech Comprehension in Noise

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