Interleukin-8 is increased in chronic kidney disease in children, but not related to cardiovascular disease

Abstract

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to detect the cytokine that is involved in the early stage of chronic kidney disease and associated with cardiovascular disease. Methods: We included 50 patients who were diagnosed with predialytic chronic kidney disease and 30 healthy pediatric patients in Ege University Medical Faculty Pediatric Clinic, İzmir/Turkey. Interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-13 (IL-13), and transforming grow factor-β1 (TGF-β1) levels (pg/mL) were measured by ELISA. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (Aix), carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were evaluated as markers of cardiovascular disease. The presence of a cardiovascular disease marker was defined as an abnormality in any of the parameters (cIMT, PWV, Aix, and left ventricular mass index (SVKI)). The patient group was divided into two groups as with and without cardiovascular disease. Results: Mean Aix and PWV values were higher in CKD patients than controls (Aix: CKD 32.8±11.11%, healthy subjects: 6.74±6.58%, PWV CKD: 7.31±4.34m/s, healthy subjects: 3.42±3.01m/s, respectively; p=0.02, p=0.03). The serum IL-8 levels of CKD were significantly higher than of healthy subjects 568.48±487.35pg/mL, 33.67±47.47pg/mL, respectively (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, TGF-1, in CKD patients with and without cardiovascular disease (p> 0.05). Discussion: IL-8 is the sole cytokine that increases in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease among other cytokines (IL-10, IL-13 and TGF-β1). However, we did not show that IL-8 is related to the presence of cardiovascular disease.

Evaluation of biochemical markers for detection of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) in covid positive patient among hospitalize individuals

“…In case of male age group (30-39), age group (40-49) and age group (50-59) is significantly increased in respect to reference values (Figure 3). Similarly the study was done by Tunçay et al, 16 2021 in Turkey, they find out that the serum IL-8 levels of CKD were significantly higher than of healthy subjects, respectively (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between IL-8 in CKD patients with and without cardiovascular disease (p>0.05).…”

“…Indeed, it has been recently estimated that the age-adjusted incidence rate of ESRD in India to be 229 per million population (pmp), 1 and >100,000 new patients enter renal replacement programs annually in India. 2 Worldwide, the prevalence of CKD varies from eight to 16 of which 78 per cent (387.5 million) are from lowmiddle-income countries (LMICs). 3,4 The development and outcomes of CKD are impacted by local factors like aetiological spectrum influenced by local risk factors, genetic differences, socio-demographic variables and access to healthcare resources.…”

Lysophosphatidic Acid Is a Proinflammatory Stimulus of Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells

“…In the kidney, human renal cortical epithelial cells express IL-8 upon incubation with IL-1β, TNF, or LPS [63]. Moreover, proximal and distal TECs are strongly positive for IL-8 in renal biopsies from patients with acute allograft rejection [63], and serum IL-8 levels are exacerbated in children with CKD [64]. In the kidneys of patients with T2 diabetes (T2D), glomerular IL-8 expression has been found to increase compared to controls [65].…”

NETs-Induced Thrombosis Impacts on Cardiovascular and Chronic Kidney Disease

“…However, the uremic toxin uric acid was identified as a negative regulator of neutrophil function: it did not impact NETs formation but instead impaired β2 integrin activity through effects on intracellular pH and cytoskeletal dynamics, thereby reducing neutrophil adhesion capacity. 152 Furthermore, patients with CKD present with chronic low-grade inflammation, 8 and IL8 [9][10][11] and HMGB1 11,153 as known drivers of NETs formation have been reported to be increased in blood of patients with CKD. Also, patients with advanced CKD frequently display hyperphosphatemia and have an increased risk of medial calcification, characterized by a deposition of calcium and phosphate in the medial layer of the vasculature 47,154 Calcium phosphate-based particles-along with other crystalline nanoparticles and microparticles-can induce NETs formation by neutrophils 155,156 by increasing ROS production 156 and RIPK1/MLKL (receptor-interacting protein kinase 1/mixed-ineage kinase like)-dependent necroptosis.…”

“…6 Over the past decade, studies have also analyzed neutrophil activation, NETs formation, and a potential association of NETs components to CVD risk in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD, since these patients present with an increased cardiovascular risk. 7 They display chronic low-grade inflammation 8 and enhanced serum titers of NETs inducers like interleukin (IL)8 [9][10][11] and show increased expression of neutrophil activation markers on circulating blood neutrophils. [12][13][14][15] Central to thromboinflammation is the loss of the antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory functions of endothelial cells, leading to dysregulation of coagulation, complement, platelet activation, and leukocyte recruitment.…”