Trichoderma spp. isolates with potential of phosphate solubilization and growth promotion in cherry tomato1

Abstract

Trichoderma fungi are considered relevant plant growth promoters for increasing the efficiency in the use of nutrients, as well as acting as biological control agents. This study aimed to select Trichoderma spp. isolates with potential for phosphate solubilization and their application as growth promoters in interaction with homeophatic preparations, in cherry tomato. Among 16 Trichoderma spp. isolates obtained from soils of organic tomato growing areas tested in vitro, together with a commercial product (Trichodermil®), two of them showed the ability for indole-3-acetic acid production and phosphate solubilization. The Trichoderma “R” had the highest mycelial growth speed index and presented twice as much spores than the commercial product. An in vivo experiment was also conducted in a greenhouse, in order to observe the potential of Trichoderma spp. isolates and homeophatic preparations on the cherry tomato growth promotion, using a randomized block experimental design, in a 4 x 3 factorial arrangement, with three Trichoderma isolates and two homeopathic preparations (Phosphorus 6CH and Carbo vegetabilis 6CH) + treatment without homeopathic preparation. The leaf area and dry mass of leaves and roots were determined. It was possible to observe that the isolate “R”, identified as Trichoderma asperellum, was effective in the cherry tomato growth promotion, while the homeopathic preparations applied did not show any effect.

Evaluation of a Newly Identified Endophytic Fungus, Trichoderma phayaoense for Plant Growth Promotion and Biological Control of Gummy Stem Blight and Wilt of Muskmelon

“…Moreover, several previous studies have shown that Trichoderma spp. can solubilize several plant nutrients, especially phosphate, into an available form for plant that can improve plant growth (Chagas et al, 2015;Zhao and Zhang, 2015;França et al, 2017;Bononi et al, 2020).…”

Microrganismos multifuncionais: utilização na agricultura

“…Vários estudos mostram que Trichodrerma também atua como microrganismo promotor de crescimento vegetal, uma vez que ele é capaz de produzir fitormônios, solubilizar fosfatos e outros minerais (França et al, 2017), melhorar a eficiência do uso de nitrogênio, quando em combinação com outras espécies como Bacillus sp ou Rhizobium sp, e induzir defesa contra estresses bióticos e abióticos, principalmente, o estresse salino (Rubio et al, 2017).…”

“…Estudos recentes demonstram efeitos benéficos do Trichoderma sp. no aumento da porcentagem de germinação, diâmetro do hipocótilo, comprimento do sistema radicular na cultura do feijão (Mayo Pietro et al, 2020), no acúmulo de biomassa na cultura do arroz e milho (Chagas et al, 2017), aumento da produção de ácido indol-3-acético e solubilização de fosfato na cultura do tomate (França et al, 2017) e na supressão da Sclerotinia sclerotiorum na cultura da soja (Macena et al, 2020).…”

Influência da Temperatura e Radiação Ultravioleta no Desenvolvimento de Isolados de Trichoderma spp.

“…Os experimentos foram conduzidos no Laboratório de Patologia Pós-Colheita, localizado na Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical (Fortaleza, CE). Os isolados fúngicos para todos os ensaios foram selecionados de acordo com outros trabalhos conduzidos em diferentes regiões do país, que utilizam produtos comercias à base do ingrediente ativo de Trichoderma (Lima et al, 2016;França et al, 2017;Silva et al, 2017). Dessa forma, para a obtenção dos isolados foram utilizados 3 produtos comerciais: T. asperellum -SF 04 (Quality WG ® ; Laboratório de BioControle Farroupilha S.A, Patos de Minas, MG, Brasil), T. harzianum -IBLF 006 (Ecotrich WP ® ; Ballagro Agro Tecnologia Ltda., Atibaia, SP, Brasil) e T. harzianum ESALQ -1306 (Trichodermil 1306 ® ; Koppert do Brasil Sistemas Biológicos Ltda).…”