Potencial de preparados de cavalinha (Equisetum sp.) na síntese de metabólitos de defesa em cotilédones de soja (Glycine max L.) e o efeito sobre o crescimento de Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, in vitro.

Abstract

Palavras-chave: fitalexinas, fenilalanina amonialiase, efeito fungistático.ABSTRACT: Potential of horsetail (Equisetum sp.) derivatives on the synthesis of defense metabolites using soybean (Glycine max L.) cotyledons and their effect on the in vitro growth of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. Two experiments were carried out in the Federal Technological University of Paraná -Dois Vizinhos Campus -with the aim to evaluate the potential of horsetail (Equisetum sp.) derivatives for the synthesis of defense metabolites in soybean (Glycine max L.) cotyledons and their effect on the in vitro growth of Rhizoctonia solani. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3 x 5 factorial design (extraction form x concentration), with four replications. The extraction forms were alcoholic extract, infusion and maceration and the concentrations tested were zero, 1, 10, 20 and 40%. In the first experiment, we evaluated the induction of plant defense in soybean cotyledons as a response to horsetail derivatives through spectrophotometry according to phytoalexin glyceollin, phenylalanine ammonia lyase enzyme activity (PAL) and total phenols. In the second experiment, in vitro, the experimental unit was a Petri dish, and the horsetail derivatives were incorporated into medium culture (potato dextrose agar), and we evaluated the mycelial growth of R. solani. The alcoholic extract, infusion and maceration of horsetail derivatives presented phytoalexin glyceolin induction in soybean cotyledons, in addition to activating the metabolism of phenolic compounds. Among the derivatives, the alcoholic extract and the maceration form of extraction were superior in relation to the infusion. The alcoholic extract, infusion and maceration of horsetail derivatives inhibited the in vitro growth of R. solani in all concentrations.

Síntese de Fitoalexinas em Soja e Sorgo por Extratos e Tinturas Pertencentes a Três Espécies Florestais

“…Guimarães (2012) obteve induções de fitoalexinas gliceolinas em cotilédones de soja, utilizando preparados de cavalinha, em diferentes concentrações, com destaque para os preparados obtidos através de extração alcoólica, que apresentou superioridade em todas as concentrações, exceto nas de 1% e 40%.…”

Bacillus thuringiensis Combined With Fungicide Applications in the Management of Soybean Leaf Diseases

“…Their role in resistance to pathogens is widely studied. In the case of soybean, the phytoalexin glyceolin (pterocarpanoid) is important on the interaction of this crop with phytopathogens (Burden & Bailey, 1975;Guimarães et al, 2015). The cell wall of fungi in general has in its composition polysaccharides such as chitin and β-1,3 glucan.…”