Dietary total antioxidant capacity as a preventive factor against depression in climacteric women

Abstract

Depression is characterized by physical or psychological distress and in many cases can lead to suicide. Objective: to assess the prevalence of depression and its possible relationship with dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) and nutritional parameters in climacteric women participating in an extension university program in a Southern Brazilian city. Methods: data were obtained through questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. Diet was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to assess the intensity of symptoms of depression. Results: DTAC of the population ranged from 435.60 to 4502.62 mg VCE/day. Among the most consumed antioxidant food/beverages, coffee ranked highest. Polyphenols were found to be directly linked to the antioxidant capacity of fresh foods (r=0.905; p=0.0001). Prevalence of depression in the population was 44%, and depressed women had lower intake levels of polyphenols (p=0.022; Cohen's d=0.80), and vitamin B6 (p=0.038; Cohen's d=0.65), vitamin A (p=0.044; Cohen's d =0.63), and vitamin C (p=0.050; Cohen's d =0.61). There was a significant negative correlation between BDI scores and polyphenol intake (r=-0.700; p=0.002). Conclusion: these results may contribute to a better understanding of the recommended dietary antioxidant intake as an adjuvant for preventing depression in women.

Associations of Dietary Vitamin C and E Intake With Depression. A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

“…12 of the included studies were performed in Asian countries [Korea ( 21 , 26 , 28 , 34 , 35 , 41 ), Iran ( 25 , 37 , 39 ) and Japan ( 19 , 20 , 31 )], and the other ones were conducted in United States ( 22 , 24 , 33 , 40 , 43 ), Brazil ( 32 , 38 , 42 ), Australia ( 23 , 36 ), Spain ( 29 , 30 ), and Turkey ( 27 ). Male, female and both male and female participants were recruited in 2 ( 25 , 36 ), 8 ( 21 , 26 , 32 , 34 , 37 – 39 , 43 ), and 15 ( 19 , 20 , 22 – 24 , 27 – 31 , 33 , 35 , 40 – 42 ) studies, respectively. The sample size ranged from 41 to 25895 for a total number of 91966.…”

“…The sample size ranged from 41 to 25895 for a total number of 91966. The dietary vitamin C and E intake was assessed by food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in 14 studies ( 19 , 20 , 22 , 23 , 25 , 26 , 28 , 30 , 31 , 36 , 37 , 39 , 42 , 43 ), and recall method in 12 studies ( 21 , 24 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 32 – 35 , 38 , 40 , 41 ). The diagnostic criteria of depression or depressive symptom were Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) ( 27 , 30 ), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) ( 24 , 33 , 35 , 40 ), Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) ( 19 – 21 , 23 , 29 , 34 , 38 , 43 ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) ( 25 – 27 , 32 , 39 ), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) ( 31 , 36 ), Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS) ( 37 ), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) ( 22 ), and Clinical Interview Schedule Revised (CIS-R) ( 42 ), respectively.…”

Associations of Dietary Vitamin A and Beta-Carotene Intake With Depression. A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

“…14 of the included studies were performed in Asian countries [Korea ( 14 , 20 , 21 , 25 , 29 , 30 , 35 , 36 ), Iran ( 18 , 31 , 33 ), Japan ( 13 , 23 ) and China ( 28 )], and the other ones were conducted in United States ( 15 , 17 , 27 , 32 , 34 ), Brazil ( 26 , 37 ), Australia ( 16 ), Spain ( 22 , 24 ), and Turkey ( 19 ). Male, female and both male and female participants were recruited in 1 ( 18 ), 8 ( 14 , 20 , 26 , 28 , 30 , 31 , 33 , 36 ), and 16 ( 13 , 15 – 17 , 19 , 21 – 25 , 27 , 29 , 32 , 34 , 35 , 37 ) studies, respectively. The sample size ranged from 41 to 17,401 for a total number of 100,955.…”

“…The sample size ranged from 41 to 17,401 for a total number of 100,955. The exposure was assessed by food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in 16 studies ( 13 – 16 , 18 , 20 , 21 , 23 – 25 , 28 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 36 , 37 ), and recall method in 9 studies ( 17 , 19 , 22 , 26 , 27 , 30 , 32 , 34 , 35 ). The diagnostic criteria of depression were Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) ( 15 , 17 , 19 , 24 ), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) ( 27 , 29 , 32 , 34 ), Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) ( 13 , 14 , 16 , 22 , 28 , 30 ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) ( 18 , 20 , 21 , 26 , 33 , 36 ), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) ( 23 ), Clinical Interview Schedule Revised (CIS-R) ( 37 ), and Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS) ( 31 ), respectively.…”

A High Polyphenol Diet Improves Psychological Well-Being: The Polyphenol Intervention Trial (PPhIT)

“…Button et al 2015, using data from three randomised controlled trials (RCT) with a sample of n = 1039, identified that a 17.5% reduction in score was necessary to observe minimally clinically important differences [46]. Oliveria et al (2019) found a negative association between depressive symptoms measured by BDI and high intake of polyphenol food items [47]. In the Finnish general population (n = 2011), daily intake of tea was associated with reduced risk of depressive symptoms defined by BDI scores [48].…”