Evaluation Through SEM Image Processing of the Volumetric Fiber Content in Continuos Fiber-Reinforced Additive Manufacturing Composites

Díaz, John Faber Archila; León-Becerra, Juan; González‐Estrada, Octavio Andrés; Pertuz, A.; Jaramillo-Gutiérrez, M.

doi:10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2022-0049

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…The humidity plays an important role, showing variations of 18% in stiffness or 25% in strength for the longitudinal direction, while other directional properties are more affected than in the fiber direction. At the same time, microscopic and image analysis can be used to determine the void fraction [21]. They can also help determine the fiber size, resin-rich or resin-poor matrix regions, and other defects, which can reach values of 15.1% for continuous carbon fiber polyamide cCF/PA parts and 12.3% for cGF/PA parts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research has been done in the microstructural characterization of FRAM and micromechanical analysis. Some authors present the transverse area of the FRAM, employing imaging for measuring the volumetric fiber fraction [21]. Moreover, in the work of Pascual-González et al [22], an extensive experimental micromechanics characterization of AM manufacturing was performed for the single fiber properties, the fiber distribution and content, and the polymer nature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Models to Predict Mechanical Properties of FR-AM Composites and a Fractographical Study

2022

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Continuous fiber-reinforced additive manufacturing (cFRAM) composites improve the mechanical properties of polymer components. Given the recent interest in their mechanical performance and failure mechanisms, this work aims to describe the principal failure mechanisms and compare the prediction capabilities for the mechanical properties, stiffness constants, and strength of cFRAM using two distinct predictive models. This work presents experimental tensile tests of continuous carbon fiber AM composites varying their reinforced fraction, printing direction, and fiber angle. In the first predictive model, a micromechanical-based model for stiffness and strength predicts their macroscopic response. In the second part, data-driven models using different machine learning algorithms for regression are trained to predict stiffness and strength based on critical parameters. Both models are assessed regarding their accuracy, ease of implementation, and generalization capabilities. Moreover, microstructural images are used for a qualitative evaluation of the parameters and their influence on the macroscopic response and failure surface topology. Finally, we conclude that although predicting the mechanical properties of cFRAM is a complex task, it can be carried on a Gaussian process regression and a micromechanical model, with good accuracy generalized onto different process parameters specimens.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Models to Predict Mechanical Properties of FR-AM Composites and a Fractographical Study

2022

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Additive manufacturing of short carbon filled fiber nylon: effect of build orientation on surface roughness and viscoelastic behavior

León-Becerra,

Hidalgo-Salazar,

Correa-Aguirre

et al. 2023

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Experimental Analysis of Fiber Reinforcement Rings’ Effect on Tensile and Flexural Properties of Onyx™–Kevlar® Composites Manufactured by Continuous Fiber Reinforcement

et al. 2023

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Additive manufacturing of composite materials is progressing in the world of 3D printing technologies; composite materials allow the combination of the physical and mechanical properties of two or more constituents to create a new material that meets the required properties of several applications. In this research, the impact of adding Kevlar® reinforcement rings on the tensile and flexural properties of the Onyx™ (nylon with carbon fibers) matrix was analyzed. Parameters such as infill type, infill density and fiber volume percentage were controlled to determine the mechanical response in tensile and flexural tests of the additive manufactured composites. The tested composites showed an increment of four times the tensile modulus and 1.4 times the flexural modulus of pure Onyx™ matrix when compared with that of the Onyx™–Kevlar®. The experimental measurements demonstrated that Kevlar® reinforcement rings can increase the tensile and flexural modulus of Onyx™–Kevlar® composites using low fiber volume percentages (lower than 19% in both samples) and 50% of rectangular infill density. However, the appearance of some defects, such as delamination, was observed and should be further analyzed to obtain products that are errorless and can be reliable for real functions as in automotive or aeronautical industries.

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Evaluation Through SEM Image Processing of the Volumetric Fiber Content in Continuos Fiber-Reinforced Additive Manufacturing Composites

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Comparison of Models to Predict Mechanical Properties of FR-AM Composites and a Fractographical Study

Comparison of Models to Predict Mechanical Properties of FR-AM Composites and a Fractographical Study

Additive manufacturing of short carbon filled fiber nylon: effect of build orientation on surface roughness and viscoelastic behavior

Experimental Analysis of Fiber Reinforcement Rings’ Effect on Tensile and Flexural Properties of Onyx™–Kevlar® Composites Manufactured by Continuous Fiber Reinforcement

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