Evaluation of Solid Waste From H2S Removal Process in Natural Gas Treatment Incorporated Into Red Ceramic

Abstract

Waste incorporation into clay ceramic is a worldwide accepted recycling procedure for environmentally friendly reuse of spent industrial materials. In the present work a clay ceramic from the city of Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil, was, for the first time, investigated with different amounts, up to 10 wt%, of a solid waste generated from the "Sulfatreat" natural gas treatment process. Both the waste and the incorporated ceramic were characterized by X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction as well as vibratory sieving, gas chromatography and sedimentation method. Ceramic samples were prepared by uniaxial pressing at 18 MPa and sintered at 850°C. Physical and mechanical properties of these ceramics such as linear shrinkage, apparent density, water absorption and flexural strength were evaluated. Microstructure of the incorporated ceramics was analyzed by optical microscopy. The results showed that, within the standard deviation, the linear shrinkage and apparent density of the clay ceramic were not affected by the waste incorporation. However, the water absorption is benefitted, by decreasing, above 5 wt% incorporation, while the flexural strength is impaired for any incorporated amount. Porosity and larger waste particles observed in microstructure are proposed reasons for these advantages and shortcomings.

Economy analysis of the implementation of extruded tiles fabrication in a ceramic industry containing ornamental rock waste

“…The deviation in relation to the proportion of theoretical kaolinite is caused by the presence of quartz, the main impurity present in the clays in the region, and because of the presence of other clay minerals, such as montmorillonite. The three clays studied have an iron oxide content above 3%, demonstrating that the materials used probably had a reddish color after burning 37,38 . Two problems are perceived in the clays studied in the research: the first is the high loss to fire of the materials, with values above and 12%, which may come from organic matter in the material or water constituting the kaolinitic clays (for the theoretical kaolinite a constitution water is 14%).…”

“…The three clays studied have an iron oxide content above 3%, demonstrating that the materials used probably had a reddish color after burning. 37,38 Two problems are perceived in the clays studied in the research: the first is the high loss to fire of the materials, with values above and 12%, which may come from organic matter in the material or water constituting the kaolinitic clays (for the theoretical kaolinite a constitution water is 14%). This high loss to fire will probably cause high values of shrinkage and porosity in the material, as will be discussed in the sequence of the work.…”

Hydrogen Sulfide Adsorption by Iron Oxides and Their Polymer Composites: A Case-Study Application to Biogas Purification

“…As in commercial products such as SulfaTreat ® [ 38 ], copper (II) oxide (CuO) was added to Fe 2 O 3 in some samples during the preparation of pellets to enhance the adsorption capacity of the solid phase [ 39 ]. The copper oxide was selected among other possible metal oxides as its sorbent properties towards H 2 S are well known in the literature [ 40 ].…”