Cellulose Associated with Pet Bottle Waste in Cement Based Composites

Abstract

The present study was to evaluate the effect of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) particle sizes on the mechanical and physical properties of extruded fiber-cement composites with different particle sizes combined to cellulose pulp in the production of fiber cement by the extrusion process. The design consisted of four formulations, one composed of 5% cellulose and the other three with 2.5% cellulosic pulp and 2.5% of PET particles with different particle sizes. Physical, mechanical and microstructural tests were performed without aging cycles and after 200 and 400 accelerated aging cycles. The degradation of vegetable fibers in the cement and the decrease of properties with aging was observed. PET particles were more resistant in alkaline environment and did not degrade. However, particle size did not exert great effect in the physical and mechanical properties of the composite. Thus, the use of PET particles shows potential as a reinforcement for fiber-cement composites.

Lignocellulosic materials as soil–cement brick reinforcement

“…This result was due to particle-matrix adherence loss caused by degradation and dimensional movement during the aging cycles, which dislocated the particles forming pores, as seen in Figure 1, a more evident effect in these treatments due to their lower maximum compaction (Table 5). Farrapo et al (2017), in the production of cement-based composites with cellulose fibers, also noted that the wetting and drying cycles generate partial cellulose adhesion loss to the cement matrix.…”

“…This is linked to the lignocellulosic particles lowdensity since the higher the amount of waste, the lower the final density of the composite. Besides, some treatments require higher amounts of water contents to achieve the ideal brick shaping consistency, thus, the greater the amount of water, the greater the formation of pores (Bentchikou et al 2012;Zak et al 2016;Farrapo et al 2017;Danso and Manu 2020).…”

Lignocellulosic Materials as Soil-cement Bricks Reinforcement

“…This is linked to the lignocellulosic particles lowdensity since the higher the amount of waste, the lower the final density of the composite. Besides, some treatments require higher amounts of water contents to achieve the ideal brick shaping consistency, thus, the greater the amount of water, the greater the formation of pores (Bentchikou et al 2012;Zak et al 2016;Farrapo et al 2017;Danso and Manu 2020). Zak et al (2016), when evaluating mixtures of soil, cement, gypsum, hemp and flax fibers, also observed a decrease in composite density by adding higher percentages of vegetable matter.…”

Asbestos-free autoclaved wood fiber-cement sheets from recycled old corrugated containers and kraft pulp of Douglas fir: properties and scanning electron microscopy

“…Although use of asbestos fiber must continue for some time in some countries due to economic and political factors, there is a gap that will eventually need to be filled in developing countries when asbestos is replaced. Inorganic bonded fiber composites studies include alternative fiber sources such as OCC, bagasse, coir, bamboo, groundwood, wheat straw, babaçu fibers, plastic, sisal pulp, coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) and brown pulp (Almeida et al 2002, Abdel-Kader and Darweesh 2010, Araújo et al 2011, Ferraz et al 2011, Teixeira 2012, Marques et al 2016, Farrapo et al 2017.…”