The Lubricity Analysis of Cutting Fluid Emulsions

Abstract

The new generation of cutting fluids should have some characteristics, such as low toxicity and biodegradability. A bio-cutting fluid emulsion are an excellent option because they present those properties, as well as good mechanical performance. The present study aims to investigate the lubricity of O/W emulsions (cutting fluid emulsion), varying the concentration of anionic surfactant (1%, 2.5% and 5%) and epoxidized oil (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% e 25%). A sunflower oil was chemically modified by epoxidation reaction, then its viscosity, iodine and oxirane index, density, and acidity were characterized. The performances of the emulsions were evaluated using a tribometer HFRR (High Frequency Reciprocating Rig), under hydrodynamic lubrication conditions. The ball wear scars were analyzed using an optical microscopy. The results showed that a low concentration of surfactant promote friction and wear reduction. Based on the tribological performance, the emulsions with 5% and 10% of epoxidized oil are more suitable.

Water Content Monitoring in Water-in-Crude-Oil Emulsions Using an Ultrasonic Multiple-Backscattering Sensor

“…Water-in-oil (W/O) and oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions are present in different industrial products and processes. Examples of final products in emulsion form include homogenized milk [ 1 ] and the cutting fluids used for machining processes [ 2 ]. There are also some processes in which the raw or intermediate product is an emulsion, such as palm oil [ 3 ] and petroleum production [ 4 ].…”

Synthesis and evaluation of polymeric dispersant based on vegetable oils their application as cutting fluid

“…The metal cutting fluid formulations which formulated in the presence of the synthesized additives were placed in graduated cylinders at 25 oC and the appearance of oil layer in each cylinder was monitored during 14 days in term of oil layer volume in mL. The emulsion stability (%) was calculated in percent according to the following equation: [37]. The measurements were done using Ubelhood suspended level viscometer with a capillary diameter of 0.3 mm for measurements at 40 o C, and a capillary diameter of 0.1 mm for measurements at 100 o C.…”

Influence of Nonionic Surfactant Hydrophobicity on the Tribological Properties of Microemulsion Systems Aimed at Cutting Fluid Applications

“…To overcome these challenges, formulating new cutting fluids is an important field in the development of scientific and technological research, in pursuit of lowcost, environmentally friendly cutting fluids that ensure the efficiency of their tribological properties 3 . The restrictions imposed by environmental laws limit the use of conventional cutting fluids, thereby prompting the discovery of viable and competitive technologies from an environmental standpoint [4][5][6][7][8][9] . Aqueous cutting fluids are developed by dispersing oil in water using a surfactant on the oil-water interface in order to reduce interfacial tension and promote emulsion stability 10 , in addition to forming a hydrodynamic film more efficiently 6 .…”