Skin-to-Skin Contact Followed by Breastfeeding in the First Hour of Life: Associated Factors and Influences on Exclusive Breastfeeding

Abstract

Objective: to verify the factors associated with the practice of skin-to-skin contact with breastfeeding in the first hour of life and its influence on exclusive breastfeeding in the first month. Method: a retrospective cross-sectional study with medical records from a breastfeeding outpatient clinic in São Paulo, Brazil. The sample included all the medical records of the mother-baby dyad who had been consulted by nurses between 2004 and 2010. Data were collected from the medical records between 2014 and 2015. Results: 1,030 medical records were identified, 71 were excluded and the final sample was 959. The prevalence of skin-to-skin contact with breastfeeding in the first hour was 37.2%. The Apgar score between 8 and 10 in the first minute of life and the higher birth weight of the newborn were protective factors of contact with early breastfeeding; lower maternal age and cesarean delivery and forceps were risk factors for this practice. Exclusive breastfeeding was statistically higher in the group of newborns who had contact with breastfeeding in the first hour; however, there was no association with duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion: good birth conditions were protective factors for breastfeeding followed by skin-to-skin contact in the first hour, while younger maternal age and surgical deliveries proved to be risk factors. Exclusive breastfeeding in the baby´s first month of life was not associated with skin-to-skin contact followed by breastfeeding in the first hour of life.

Determinants of the offer of breast milk complements for newborns

“…In this study, we found a high prevalence of complement offer, which corroborates the ndings of studies conducted in other countries and in Brazilian cities [2,14,15,19]. Although the WHO recommends skin-toskin contact at birth, breastfeeding in the rst hour of life and "Do not give the newborn baby any food or drink other than breast milk, unless such procedure has a medical indication", most NB received the complement in the rst hours and days after birth.…”

“…In this study, more than 80% of NB received it in quantity less than or equal to 10 mL, which corresponds to the approximate volume of colostrum produced in each feeding in the rst week of life. The pertinent literature points out complement volumes higher than those of the present research, initially varying from 30 to 57 mL, progressing to about 100 mL on the fourth day and reducing to, on average, 26 mL in the period of discharge [6,19].…”

“…In this context, the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) advocates prevalence above 80% for breastfeeding within the rst hour after birth [4]. Nevertheless, studies have pointed out that such a target has not been achieved [5,6]. Therefore, it is fundamental to know the factors that contribute to the failure of EB.…”

Fatores associados ao uso de complemento lácteo entre recém-nascidos no ambiente hospitalar

“…Chama atenção que, embora aproximadamente um quarto das mulheres estar na adolescência, considerado um fator de risco para a não realização do contato pele a pele precoce e de amamentação na primeira hora de vida, essa característica materna não esteve associada ao uso de complemento lácteo, diferentemente de pesquisa realizada em São Paulo, Brasil, na qual a idade materna, especificamente mulheres mais jovens, esteve correlacionada a não realização dessas práticas 13 .…”

Gestão de risco e as estratégias do plano de contingência para COVID-19

“…As políticas públicas devem ser entendidas como um conjunto de medidas, representadas através de programas, planos e metas, criadas pelos governos, voltadas à garantia de acesso pela população aos direitos estabelecidos por Lei, tais como a assistência ou prestação de serviços. Essas medidas integram parte importante da administração pública, já que representam as ações dos governos criadas para melhor atender as necessidades dos cidadãos [11][12][13] . O risco é um fenômeno coletivo, que atinge uma população.…”