Profissional Aprendizagem baseada em projetos no ensino remoto para estudantes ingressantes da graduação em enfermagem

Abstract

RESUMO Objetivo: Relatar a experiência do uso da metodologia de Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos, no ensino remoto emergencial, com estudantes ingressantes da graduação em enfermagem. Método: O estudo foi realizado na disciplina de “Ações educativas na prática de enfermagem”, desenvolvida de maneira remota no ano de 2020, durante o período da pandemia causada pelo novo coronavírus, no Curso de Bacharelado e Licenciatura em Enfermagem de uma universidade pública do estado de São Paulo. A disciplina utilizou a Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos por meio das fases: âncora; questão motriz; investigação e pesquisa; criação e desenvolvimento; e apresentação dos resultados, como metodologia ativa de aprendizagem, com a formação de pequenos grupos de estudantes e tutores e avaliação processual. Resultados: Os estudantes desenvolveram projetos educativos em saúde por meio de ambiente virtual de aprendizagem, plataformas e ferramentas digitais. Conclusão A metodologia adotada e a utilização das tecnologias digitais permitiram alcançar os objetivos propostos, a motivação e a autonomia dos estudantes durante todo o processo de ensino remoto, e o desenvolvimento de competências para a elaboração de projetos no ensino em saúde na formação do enfermeiro.

Use of Active Methodologies in the Nursing Teaching Process: an integrative literature review

“…According to the same author, the active participation of the student in his/her learning process promotes his/her comprehension and memory capacity, since the brain acts in a more dynamic way. Pascon et al (2022) argues that the use of active methodologies implies that teachers involved, starting from pedagogical mediation, stimulate the protagonism and autonomy of students in the individual, collaborative and, in turn, collective learning process. Sobral et al, (2022) complement the aforementioned idea by stressing that the student does not perceive learning as "a vertical relationship between teacher and student" in which there is an obligation to learn in a certain way, "providing a link between teaching and learning".…”

“…It is important to point out that, with the pandemic period, caused by COVID-19, there was a need to adapt the teaching methodologies previously used in person, to a new planned and developed structure, of an emerging character, in remote format, which encouraged many teachers to make a retrospective of them, namely, the active methodologies in an attempt to guarantee, equally, the development of the teachinglearning process of the students (Pascon et al, 2022).…”

“…In this context, the article by Pascon et al (2022) highlights the project-based learning methodology -Project Based Learning (PBL) -which allows students to confront real-life situations, issues, problems and contexts, guaranteeing them meaning by defining the way to approach and act. cooperatively looking for the solution.…”

“…The need to implement active learning methodologies requires involved teachers who encourage students' responsibility and autonomy in their individual and collaborative learning process (Pascon et al, 2022). In turn, in Nursing teaching, active methodologies play a leading role in the training of critical nurses with the ability to reflect for decision-making and solving health problems of the population in general, since these methodologies allow students to the discussion and argumentation of contextual contents (Ghezzi et al, 2021;Silva et al, 2015cited by Dias & Jesus, 2021.…”

“…According to Pascon et al (2022), the adoption of this type of methodologies becomes essential for teaching in Nursing, especially with regard to curricular units that include theoretical-practical components, encouraging students to actively participate in their entire learning process., thus going beyond the traditional teaching model, training "professionals who can reconstruct the acquired knowledge and not just reproduce it mechanically and uncritically" (Dias & Jesus, 2021, p.20), leading nurses to have a greater concern and consideration with humanized care.…”