Sesquiterpenes of Amazonian Piper species*

Abstract

-The essential oils from leaves and thin branches of Piper amapense, Piper ducketand Piper bartlingianum were analysed by GC/MS and all volatile compounds were identified as sesquiterpenes. The main constitutents identified in the oil of P. amapense were transcaryophyllene (25.0%), caryophyllene oxide (17.0%) and β-selinene (15.0%). The oil of P. duckei was dominated by trans-caryophyllene (23.5%), caryophyllene oxide (18.4%), β-eudesmol (9.4%) and a-eudesmol (9.1%). The major components found in the oil of P. bartlingianum were <x-cadinol (11.2%), p-elemene (10.5%), ą-muurolol (9.4%), (E)-nerolidol (9.0%). Key words:Piper amapense, Piper duckei. Piper bartlingianum, Piperaceae, Essential oils, Sesquiterpenes. Sesquiterpenos de Espécies dePiper da Amazônia. RESUMO -Os óleos essenciais obtidos das folhas e galhos finos de Piper amapense, Piper duckeie Piper bartlingianum foram analisados por GC/MS. Os óleos dessas espécies são constituídos na sua totalidade por sesquiterpenos. Os principais constituintes identificados no óleo de P. amapense foram trans-cariofileno (25,0%), óxido de cariofileno (17,0%) e β-selineno (15,0%). O óleo de P. duckei foi dominado por trans-cariofileno (23,5%), óxido de cariofileno (18,4%), β-eudesmol (9,4%) e ą-eudesmol (9,1%). Os mais importantes componentes encontrados em P. bartlingianum foram ą-cadinol (11,2%), β-elemene (10,5%), ą-muurolol (9,4%), (E)-nerolidol (9,0%). Palavras-chave: Piper amapense, Piper duckei, Piper bartlingianum,Piperaceae, óleos essenciais, sesquiterpenos.

Chemical Composition ofPiper mikanianumEssential Oil

“…Other studies (5,6) on the essential oil of this same plant, collected in May 1990 and 1991 in Sapiranga, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, reported limonene (14.8%), bicyclogermacrene (14.3%) and β-caryophyllene (10.5%) as major constituents. A comparison of the oil component profiles for the same species from different origins demonstrates a variability that could be related to the edafic-climatic, ontogenetic or even due to the existence of chemotypes (7). Some of the constituents reported, such as the sesquiterpene β-vetivone, have not been previously described in previous literature regarding the genus Piper (8,9).…”

Essential Oil Composition ofPiper cyrtopodon(Miq.) C. DC

“…Our previous works with the Amazonian Piper has showed that their essential oil composition is rich in mono-and sesquiterpenes compounds for some species [4][5][6][7][8] , and rich in phenylpropanoids derivatives for other species 9-12 . The chemical variation between the sample oils seems to depend of environment aspects existing in the plant collection sites.…”

Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Essential Oil and Extracts ofPiper miniatum

“…Caryophyllene oxide is an important sesquiterpene of the essential oils of most Piper species. This component was cited as the major sesquiterpene in P. tuberculatum (stem 32.1%; fruit 26.6%) [5], P. peltatum (leaf 22.9%) [6], P. amapense (leaf 17.0%), P. duckei (leaf 18.4%) [7] and P. humaytanum (leaf 16.6%) [8]. Caryophyllene oxide is a well-known preservative in food, drugs, and cosmetics, and antifungal against dermatophytes.…”