Demarcated opacity in primary teeth increases the prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralization

Abstract

This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and its relationship with the number of primary teeth with developmental defects of enamel (DDE). A representative population-based sample of 731 schoolchildren was randomly selected from the public school system in Curitiba, Brazil. Schoolchildren aged 8 years with fully erupted permanent first molars and incisors were eligible for the study. MIH and DDE were classified by four calibrated examiners (kappa > 0.75) according to EAPD criteria and to the FDI-modified DDE index. Clinical data were collected in a school environment. Socioeconomic information was collected through a self-administered semistructured questionnaire applied to the children's caregivers. Statistical analyses were carried out using Poisson multiple regression with robust variance (α = 0.05). MIH prevalence was 12.1% (95%CI: 10-15), and opacities were the most prevalent defect. Socioeconomic factors were not associated with MIH. Children with demarcated opacity in primary teeth presented a higher prevalence of MIH than those without DDE in primary teeth. In the multiple analysis, the increase of one primary tooth affected by demarcated opacity increased the prevalence of MIH by 33% (PR = 1.33, 95%CI: 1.15-1.53, p < 0.001). Asian children had a higher prevalence of MIH (PR = 2.91, 95%CI: 1.08-8.09 p = 0.035) than did Caucasian children. Conclusion: Based on these findings, the prevalence of MIH in Curitiba was 12.1%. Demarcated opacity in primary teeth could be considered a predictor of MIH.

Molar‐incisor hypomineralization (MIH), dental fluorosis, and caries in rural areas with different fluoride levels in the drinking water

“…In our study, the prevalence of MIH was 9.8%, which is consistent with previous findings (7.3%; 7.7%; 8.7%; 9.6%; 9.7%, and 10.2%) 1,3,6,24 . Other studies have shown a wider range of MIH prevalence rates worldwide—2.8%; 16%; 19.6%; and 21.8%, 9,13,25 and in Brazil—from 8.8% to 40.2% 10,11 . Factors such as ethnic‐cultural differences and age group, as well as the criteria adopted for the diagnosis of MIH, may explain this variation in prevalence rates.…”

“…European studies show that MIH is recurrent in several countries. In Brazil, the literature shows prevalence rates ranging from 8.8% to 40.2% 7,10,11 . Studies carried out in England and Sweden did not show a relationship between MIH and the consumption of artificial fluoridated water 12‐14 .…”

Estudo epidemiológico dos defeitos de desenvolvimento do esmalte em crianças de 2 a 4 anos de idade do município de Santa Isabel, SP

“…Pelo fato de ter sido encontrado uma alta prevalência de opacidades demarcadas, há de se ter preocupação futura com a saúde bucal desta população, pois como já foi evidenciado em estudos populacionais, crianças que possuem opacidades demarcadas em dentes decíduos apresentam maior probabilidade de ter HMI em dentes permanentes (da Costa-Silva et al, 2010;Elfrink et al, 2012;Garot et al, 2018;Tourino et al, 2018;Reyes et al, 2019 é o estágio de desenvolvimento dentário no momento da atuação do insulto (Seow, 2015 -Farfan et al, 2005).…”

“…No âmbito da saúde pública e privada, os DDE estão sendo mais discutidos, pois se tornaram mais relatadas nos últimos anos e tem sido considerados preditores para o desenvolvimento de lesões de cárie dentária na dentição decídua (Côrrea-Faria et al, 2020) e presença de Hipomineralização Molar-Incisivo (HMI) na dentição permanente (Garot et al, 2018;Reyes et al, 2019).…”

“…Alguns estudos trazem dados interessantes em relação ao DDE. Crianças com opacidade demarcada nos dentes decíduos apresentaram maior prevalência de HMI do que aquelas crianças sem alteração no esmalte nos dentes decíduos (Reyes et al, 2019). Há uma forte relação de HSMD e HMI e uma alta prevalência de HMI em crianças que apresentaram HSMD leve (Garot et al, 2018).…”