Antifungal, antibiofilm, and antiproliferative activities of Guapira graciliflora Mart

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the antifungal, antibiofilm and antiproliferative activities of the extract from the leaves of Guapira graciliflora Mart. The phytochemical characterization of the extract was performed using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The antimicrobial activity of the extract and its fractions was evaluated using the broth microdilution method against species of Candida. The inhibition of C. albicans biofilm was evaluated based on the number of colony-forming units (CFU) and metabolic activity (MTT). The antiproliferative activity of the extract and its fraction was evaluated in the presence of human tumor and non-tumor cells, and the cytotoxicity of the extract was determined on the RAW 264.7 macrophage line - both using the sulforhodamine B method. The phytochemical characterization indicated the presence of the flavonoids rutin and kaempferol. The extract and the methanol fraction exhibited moderate antifungal activity against C. albicans, C. krusei, and C. glabrata, and strong activity against C. dubliniensis. In the biofilms at 24 and 48 hours, the concentration of 12500 µg/mL of the extract was the most effective at reducing the number of CFU s/mL (44.4% and 42.9%, respectively) and the metabolic activity of C. albicans cells (34.6% and 52%, respectively). The extract and its fractions had no antiproliferative effect on the tumor lines tested, with mean activity (log GI50) equal to or greater than 1.71 µg/mL. Macrophage cell viability remained higher than 80% for concentrations of the extract of up to 62.5 µg/mL. G. graciliflora has flavonoids in its chemical composition and demonstrates potential antifungal and antibiofilm activity, with no evidence of a significant change in the viability of human tumor and non-tumor cell lines.

Anadenanthera Colubrina vell Brenan: anti-Candida and antibiofilm activities, toxicity and therapeutical action

“…Our findings have shown an antibiofilm activity superior to that shown by other studies with natural products. 36,37 Although we used higher concentrations, we proved that they are well below the dose considered toxic in our model in vivo.…”

Anti-biofilm Action of Chenopodium ambrosioides Extract, Cytotoxic Potential and Effects on Acrylic Denture Surface

“…For the biofilm of C. albicans , it was possible to observe that 10 min of immersion in the CAE at MIC was sufficient to reduce the number of biofilm cells when compared with the negative control group. These results could be attributed to the presence of quercetin and kaempferol in its chemical composition, which have recognized antifungal potential (Silva et al, 2012; Tatsimo et al, 2012; Pinho et al, 2014; Alavarce et al, 2015; Almeida et al, 2018). In addition to interfering directly in the first mechanism of virulence of the fungus that is cell adhesion (Silva et al, 2012), these compounds are also able to prevent protein transport and cause fungal cell rupture (Alavarce et al, 2015).…”

Chemical Composition, Antibacterial and Antifungal Potential of an Extract From the Leaves of Guapira Graciliflora Mart. Against Oral Microorganisms of Dental Interest

“…Regarding the G. graciliflora extract used in this study, chemical analysis revealed proteins, sugars and phenolic compounds, additionally, phytochemical profile stablished in a previous study showed the presence of flavonoids rutin and kaempferol as well as the polyol pinitol [14]. The phytochemical characterization of vegetal species is fundamental, as such species are rich in bioactive substances that are useful to the development of therapeutic agents [28].…”

“…Based on the criteria established by another study [19] the antifungal activity of G. graciliflora extract was classified as moderate for the LM11 clinical strain of C. albicans. The antifungal activity of this extract was also established in a previous work [14], however different strains of Candida were used. C. albicans are considered the etiological factor of oral candidiasis, it has been isolated in about 50% of the cases, therefore considering the consequences of oral candidiasis this is an important finding in the search for effective antifungal agents against the progression of this infection, especially in immunocompromised patients [23][24][25].…”

“…belongs to the family Nyctaginacea and is commonly found in the Caatinga semi-arid biome of northeastern Brazil [10,11]. This plant is used as a folk remedy and demonstrates antimicrobial activity [12,13] and anticandidal activity [14].…”